论国家监护的补充连带责任——以亲权与监护的二元分立为视角  

Supplementary Joint Guardianship and Several Liabilities of State Guardianship——From the Perspective of Division Between Parental Authority and Guardianship

作　　者：熊金才[1,2] 冯源[3] 

机构地区：[1]汕头大学地方政府研究所 [2]汕头大学法学院 [3]厦门大学法学院

出　　处：《中华女子学院学报》2014年第4期5-13,共9页Journal of China Women＇s University

基　　金：国家人文社会科学基金年度项目"社会养老服务体系建设的法律保障研究"(项目编号:14BFX123);教育部人文社会科学规划项目"未成年人救助与保障制度研究"(项目编号:11YJA820089);汕头大学国家基金培育项目"社区养老体系的构建与制度保障"(项目编号:NFC11004)的部分研究成果

摘　　要：国家监护责任是国家基于监护的公益性与监护责任的社会连带性,对被监护人承担的补充责任、补充连带责任与连带责任,以实现监护制度保障被监护人生存权与发展权之法律价值。在亲权与监护二元一体的状态下,国家除承担监护监督责任外,还需对亲权监护缺位、监护不能、监护不力或不利等情形承担补充责任或补充连带责任。在亲权与监护二元分立状态下,国家为被监护人最大利益与亲权人对监护承担连带责任,以保有被监护人生存与发展所需的救助与福利。国家监护制度与特定国家的经济社会发展相适应,具有历史局限性、物质制约性并呈现社会类型和社会结构差异。在亲权与监护不断分离以及家庭保障功能社会化的背景下,通过立法确认国家监护责任的性质有助于健全亲权与监护的社会对接机制,强化国家监护责任的制度规范,增进被监护人利益和社会整体利益。The theoretical bases of State guardianship are welfare guardianship and joint responsibility for guardianship, on the grounds of which supplementary joint and several liabilities of State Guardianship have developed with the purpose of protecting the rights of existence and development of persons in guardianship. The State is expected to undertake joint guardianship and several liabilities in addition to guardianship supervision and assistance when parental rights and guardianship are one. The State, however, shoulders joint responsibility when there is a division between parental authority and guardianship in order to enhance the protection of the rights of existence and development of the persons in guardianship. The State guardianship system advances in accordance with the development of society. Therefore, its status and responsibilities differ in social type and structure. For the purpose of the best interests of the persons in guardianship, it’s suggested China recognize legally and consolidate joint state liabilities as well as developing an integrated social security system for State guardianship.

关 键 词：国家责任 亲权 监护 补充连带责任 

分 类 号：D923.9[政治法律—民商法学]