辽宁省2010-2013年青年学生艾滋病知识行为调查及HIV感染情况分析  

AIDS related knowledge,behavior and serological survey among college students in Liaoning from 2010 to 2013

作　　者：杨桂玲[1] 王莉[1] 吴明[1] 孙笠翔[1] 姚文清[1] 吴少慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心,辽宁沈阳110005

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2014年第5期408-411,共4页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：中国全球基金艾滋病项目(CHN-304-G03-H)

摘　　要：目的了解2010-2013年辽宁省青年学生艾滋病哨点监测相关知识、行为现状及人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、梅毒感染状况,为有效预防和控制艾滋病在高校的流行提供依据。方法根据2010-2013年《全国艾滋病哨点监测实施方案》要求,对辽宁省本溪、丹东和辽阳市青年学生进行问卷调查和血清学检测。从艾滋病综合防治信息系统中,导出辽宁省2010-2013年本溪、丹东和辽阳市青年学生的数据资料,使用Excel整理资料,SPSS 19.0进行统计分析。结果 2010-2013年每年实际监测样本量分别为2 276人、2 345人、2 401人、2 411人;艾滋病知识知晓率分别为71.53%、77.65%、69.18%和80.34%,呈逐年上升趋势(χ2趋势=33.48,P<0.05);在8个相关问题中以"蚊虫叮咬会传播艾滋病吗?"知晓率最低,第一次发生性行为安全套使用率偏低(4年分别为34.19%、45.75%、40.00%和41.35%),自愿检测HIV抗体比例较低(4年分别为1.63%、2.17%、2.62%、3.44%),但呈逐年升高趋势。4年均未检出HIV抗体阳性者2010-2013年梅毒抗体阳性检出率分别为0.13%、0、0、0.17%。结论青年学生已掌握了一些艾滋病相关知识,但缺乏自我保健和防范艾滋病的意识及技能,部分学生有不安全性行为,存在感染HIV的风险。进一步加强健康教育和行为干预仍然是预防控制艾滋病在该类人群中传播的主要有效手段。Objective To understand the status of HIV/AIDS related knowledge and behavior as well as HIV infection among young students in Liaoning from 2010 to 2013. Methods Based on requirement of ＂ National HIV Sentinel Surveillance Implementation Plan＂ in 2010-2013,aquestionnaire survey was conducted among young students from Benxi,Dandong and Liaoyang,and blood samples were collected for serological testing.Data were obtained from the system and analyzed by SPSS 19.0. Results The AIDS awareness rate was up from 71.53%in 2010 to 80.34%in 2013 with more than 2 000 students surveyed each year.Majority of them were not sure about whether or not mosquitoes could transmit HIV.Less than half used condom during their first sexual intercourses with only 34.19%in 2010 which was the lowest in four years.Although less than4%students claimed reluctance for HIV serological test,the percentage increased from 1.63%in 2010to3.44%in 2013.None was found positive for HIV antibody,while the positive rates for syphilis antibody were0.13%,0,0,0.17%from 2010 to 2013. Conclusions Although college students have a certain knowledge level of AIDS,their self protection consciousness and skills for adopting safer behaviors are still relatively poor.Health education and behavioral intervention need to be further strengthened to prevent HIV infection.

关 键 词：青年学生 艾滋病 知晓率 感染率 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] R193[医药卫生—临床医学]