唐山市不同行业职业有害因素和职业病分析  

Distributions of risk factors of occupational diseases from different industries in Tangshan City

作　　者：邢凤梅[1] 李春玉[1] 崔颖[2] 张小丽[2] 汪凤兰[2] 张盼[2] 

机构地区：[1]延边大学,吉林延吉133002 [2]河北联合大学,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2014年第5期333-337,共5页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：唐山市科技局专项基金项目(09130202A-1-6)

摘　　要：目的了解唐山市职业病高危行业及其危害因素,为预防和减少职业病的发生提供依据。方法使用作业场所职业病危害申报与备案管理系统,对唐山市及所属各县企业进行职业病网络直报监测管理,在对所有企业网络直报结果进行分析的基础上,对职业病患病率较高的4个行业进行深入分析。结果该市接触职业病危害因素的总人数为13.8万人,占在岗职工总数的28%,2007-2011年职业病累计患病数为1 529人,其中职业病危害因素接触人数和职业病患病人数位于前4位的行业为制造业、采矿业、批发和零售业、电力和燃气业。主要的危害因素为矽尘、粉尘、烟尘、汽油、柴油和煤尘。结论该市应加强对制造业、采矿业、批发和零售业、电力和燃气业及其主要危害因素的监管,预防职业病的发生。Objective In order to understand the different industries and its risk factors of occupational diseases,strengthen the monitoring of occupational risk factors and preventing occupational diseases.Methods A computer-based occupational disease network management system was established,which is named as an occupational disease declaration and management system at work place in a city.Data collected by the system was analyzed.Results There were totally 13.8million people exposed to occupational hazards in the city,accounting for 28% of the total number of workers in the post.During the period of 2007-2011,1529 patients were diagnosed as occupational diseases.The top four industries with more workers exposed to occupational hazards and more cases with occupational diseases were manufacturing mining,wholesale and retail,electricity and gas industries.The main occupational hazard factors were：silicon dust,dust,welding soot,gasoline,diesel oil and coal dust.Conclusions More measures for monitoring and prevention of occupational diseases should be focused on the manufacturing,mining,wholesale and retail,electricity and gas sector and its main risk factors.

关 键 词：职业病 职业危害因素 高危行业 网络信息化管理 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]