板栗雄花序生长发育规律及雄花结构解剖观察  

Growth and Development of Staminate Inflorescence and Anatomic Observation of Male Chestnut Flower

作　　者：陈娟[1] 聂玉婷[1] 刘津[1] 姚红艳[1] 程水源[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄冈师范学院化学与生命科学学院/经济林木种质改良与资源综合利用湖北省重点实验室,湖北黄冈438000

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2014年第13期3090-3093,共4页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金重点项目(2010CBB03901);湖北省教育厅高校产学研合作资助重点项目(C2010060);2011中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(2011BH0032);经济林木种质改良与资源综合利用湖北省重点实验室开放基金项目(2013000503);黄冈师范学院2011年度产学研合作项目

摘　　要：通过对板栗（Castanea mollissima Blume）雄花序的生长发育规律和雄花解剖结构观察,结果表明,同一枝条上基部雄花序首先形成,依次向上进行,同一枝条上从基部雄花序开始生长至最顶部一个雄花序发育完全需要50d左右;同一个雄花序上,基部雄花簇首先开放,依次向上进行,而从基部雄花序开始开花至顶部雄花序完全开花需要20 d左右;一个雄花簇有雄花5～7朵,一般为单数,顶部一朵,下方四朵为两朵并列排列,同一雄花簇中最顶部一朵雄花最先开放,依次向下进行,并列排列的两朵同时开花;板栗雄花小孢子囊数量多,且发育进程有较大差异,表现为无限分化的趋势,小孢子囊两室,偶而有四室出现,内含大量花粉粒.总之,板栗雄花多,花粉数量大,开花散粉时间长,对于相对数量较少的雌花而言,是否为适应风媒传粉所需,有待进一步研究.The growth and development of staminate inflorescence and anatomic structure of male chestnut flower were observed.Results showed that staminate inflorescence on the base of branch formed first,then upward successively.About 50 days were needed from the formation of staminate inflorescence on the base of branch to fully develop the staminate inflorescence on the top of the branch.On the stame staminate inflorescence,male flower clusters of the base formed first,then upward successively.About 20 days were needed from the formation of staminate inflorescence on the base of the male flower cluster to fully develop the staminate inflorescence on the top of the branch.5～7 male flower formed a cluster,the flower number in a cluster was odd number usually,one on the top and each two parallelly arranged downward.The flower on the top came into bloom first,and then downward successively.The flowers parallelly arranged came into bloom at the stame time.Sporangium of male flower of chestnut was monolocular.There were a large number of pollen grains in the sporangium.There were large differences between the development process of different sporangium in one male flower.Chestnut had larger quantity of male flowers and pollen and long period of pollination compared with female flower.It is remained to be further studied whether was necessary for anemophilous pollination.

关 键 词：板栗(Castanea mollissima Blume) 雄花序 雄花 解剖结构 小孢子囊 

分 类 号：S664.2[农业科学—果树学] Q944.58[农业科学—园艺学]