林间套播条件下不同拥土方式对花生一些性状及产量的影响  

Analysis of Biological Traits and Yield of Peanut Affected by Different Hilling Methods Interplanted with Fruit Trees

作　　者：于伯成[1] 刘恒德[2] 张智猛 李荣莲[2] 肖英[4] 张黎[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]和田地区农业技术推广中心,新疆和田848000 [3]山东花生研究所,山东青岛266010 [4]新疆农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2014年第7期1197-1204,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技厅项目"适宜新疆林果业基地林间套种花生品种的引进筛选和栽培技术研究"(201191123)

摘　　要：【目的】近十几年,新疆林果业发展迅速,果林间有60×10~4多hm^2的耕地有待高效利用,套种花生是使该部分耕地得到有效利用的途径之一。【方法】应用同一花生品种在4种不同果林中套播拥土栽培的数据,使用Dp8统计分析软件,对包括产量在内的花生13个性状进行相关分析和因子分析,探讨各主要性状间的相互关系。【结果】9个非产量经济性状与花生产量关系密切,其中各类果实的数目对产量影响最大。作为生物性状的分枝数虽然不是产量构成因素。但与产量关系非常密切,随着分枝数的增多,产量会显著或极显著地提高。不同拥土处理能使不同因子的结构和不同因子内主要性状间的关系发生一定的变化。【结论】花生栽培措施的实施应当有利于分枝数和果实数目的增加,以提高产量。通过适当的拥土栽培手段,可以使花生获得一定的高产。两边拥土处理,使得不同因子内主要性状间的协调促进作用更为合理,有利于提高花生产量。[Objective] In recent ten years,the fruits trees have been developed rapidly in Xinjiang.There is more than six hundred thousand hectare faming land that needs to be efficiently utilized in the fruit-bearing forest.That land might be reasonably used in cultivation of peanut in the trees.[Method] Data gotten from the test that the same peanut variety was interp1anted with 4 different fruit trees were analyzed by using statistical software DPS.Correlation analysis and factor analysis were done to probe into the correlation in 5 biological traits of tested peanut cultivars.Correlation between those 5 traits and yield were also analyzed in this paper.[Result] The result of correlation analysis showed that the branch number had a significant positive correlation with yield.Different hilling methods changed the relationship of the traits involved in this research to some degrees.Factor analysis indicated that different hilling methods changed the structure of the common factors and the relationship between different common factors.All that change made some differences of yield in treatments.In treatment Ⅱ,the relationship of each biological trait was more reasonable and that could lead to the increase in yield of peanut directly or indirectly.[conclusion] When interplanted with fruit trees,cultural practices increased the branch number of peanut plant so that yield could be improved.The results of the test and data analysis showed that treatment Ⅱ was the best one in all cultivation measures involved in this field testing.

关 键 词：花生 果林 套种 拥土 性状 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学] S504.8