泾县茶园有害生物种类及发生危害状况  

Species and Damage Status of Harmful Biology Against Camellia sinensis in Jingxian

作　　者：张传根[1] 周全胜[1] 郑兆阳[2] 丁克坚[3] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省泾县植保站,安徽泾县242500 [2]安徽省植保总站,安徽合肥230001 [3]安徽农业大学植保学院,安徽合肥230036

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2014年第9期124-130,共7页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业部公益性行业(农业)专项"主要农作物有害生物种类与发生危害特点研究"(200903004);"安徽省主要农作物有害生物种类与发生为害特点研究"(200903004-26)

摘　　要：为泾县茶园有害生物的防控提供参考,采取定点调查和普查相结合的方法,于2009—2012年对泾县茶园有害生物的种类及发生危害状况进行调查。结果表明:泾县茶园共有有害生物180种。其中,虫害71种,病害27种,草害80种,鼠害2种。在71种虫害中,以鳞翅目害虫最多,达13科33种,占其总种数的46.48%;同翅目害虫其次,为8科14种,占19.72%;并以茶尺蠖和假眼小绿叶蝉2种害虫在当地茶园中的危害最重,黑刺粉虱、斜纹夜蛾和茶毛虫3种害虫的危害较重。在27种病害中,按其在茶树上的发生部位不同分为3类。其中,枝干类病害有12种,占病害总数的44.45%;叶类病害有11种,占40.74%;根类病害有4种,占14.81%;并以茶煤病在茶园中的发生最重,且茶煤病、茶轮斑病和茶炭疽病普遍发生。在80种杂草中,以禾本科杂草和菊科杂草最多,共占种总数的32.50%;并以竹叶草、狗尾草、小飞蓬和蕨4种杂草为优势种群,苍耳、马唐、艾蒿、杠板归、辣蓼和蓬蘽6种杂草为常见种群。鼠害有黄胸鼠(Rattus flavipectus)和褐家鼠(Rattus norvegicus)2种,并以褐家鼠为优势种。The species and damage status of harmful biology against Camellia sinensis in Jianxian during 2009-2012 were studied by fixed-point investigation and general survey methods to provide a reference for control of harmful biological species against Camellia sinensis in Jingxian.The results showed that：There are 180 harmful species against Camellia sinensis including 71 pest species,27 diseases species,80 weed species and 2 rodent species in Jingxian.33 species,13 families in Lepidoptera and 14 species,8 families in Homoptera occupy for 46.48% and 19.72% of total 71 pests respectively.Ectropis obliqua and Empoasca vifis are main pests against Camellia sinensis,followed by Aleurocanthus spiniferus, Prodenia litura and Euproctis pseudoconspersa.1 2 branches and trunk diseases,1 1 leaf diseases and 4 root diseases account for 44.45%,40.74% and 14.81% of total 27 diseases respectively,and Neocapnodium thhease is the main disease,followed by Pestalotiops thease nd Gloeosporium theae sinensis.Gramineae and Asteraceae weeds accounts for 32.50% of total 80 weed species.Oplismenus compositus,Setaria viridis,Conyza Canadensis and Pteridium aquilinum are the dominant populations and Xanthium sibiricum, Digitaria sanguinalis,Artemisia argyi,Polygonum perfoliatum,Polygonum flaccidum and Rubus hirsutus are the common species.There are Rattus flavipectus and Rattus norvegicus species and Rattus norvegicus is the dominant species.

关 键 词：茶树 有害生物 危害状况 泾县 安徽 

分 类 号：S435.711[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]