偏置可变形壁障及其有限元模型的开发与验证  

Development and validation of an offset deformable barrier and its FE model

作　　者：白中浩[1] 郭厚锐 白芳华 曹立波[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室

出　　处：《汽车安全与节能学报》2014年第3期276-281,共6页Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51105137);国家"八六三"高新技术研究发展项目(2012AA111802)

摘　　要：开发了一种供汽车碰撞试验用的偏置可变形壁障(ODB),该壁障由蜂窝铝块制造,且满足中国的《乘用车正面偏置碰撞的乘员保护要求GB/T 20913-2007》法规。建立了基于壳单元的该壁障有限元模型。推导了异面压缩强度公式,用以指导试验。用准静态压缩试验,获得蜂窝铝物性参数。进行了台车高位水平杆及低位水平杆的壁障碰撞试验。在壁障的有限元模型中,添加了材料失效,使用弹簧单元,实现蜂窝铝内滞留空气压强效应的模拟。以壁障碰撞试验,验证该模型。结果表明:该模型可模拟面板及蜂窝铝的撕裂效果;仿真的力与变形的曲线波形及峰值与试验结果具有一致性。An offset deformable barrier （ODB） manufactured by honeycomb blocks was developed, which meets the requirements of ＂the protection of the occupants in the event of an offset frontal collision for passenger car GB/T 20913-2007＂ in China. A finite element model （FEM） of the developed barrier was built. A formula of out-of-plane compression strength was derived to guide the tests. Based on quasi-static compression tests, honeycomb parameters that fulfill the regular requirements were obtained. High-horizontal bar and low- horizontal bar sled impact tests of manufactured offset deformable barrier were carried out. Material erosion was added to the barrier FEM, and spring element was applied to simulate the effect of honeycomb entrapped air pressure under dynamic impact. The barrier impact test results were used to validate the model. The results show that the model can simulate the tear effect of aluminum panel and honeycomb core, and the waveform and peak force of the force-displacement curve are in agreement with test results.

关 键 词：汽车安全 碰撞试验 偏置可变形壁障(ODB) 壳单元有限元模型 蜂窝铝 

分 类 号：U461.91[机械工程—车辆工程]