三种植物提取物对蚊的毒杀效果比较  

Effects of Three Kinds of Plant Extracts on Poisoning Mosquito

作　　者：曹晓莉[1] 雷桂兰[1] 高洁[1] 吴中华[1] 方元平[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄冈师范学院生命科学学院/经济林木种质改良与资源综合利用湖北省重点实验室,湖北黄冈438000

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2014年第15期3546-3547,3552,共3页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖北省教育厅自然科学研究重点项目(D20122703);黄冈师范学院大学生科学基金研究项目(ZX1153)

摘　　要：用60%乙醇分别提取了苍耳(Xanthium sibiricum)子与艾蒿(Artemisia argyi)、紫茉莉(Mirabilis jalapa)的叶和茎提取物,并用浸渍法和三角烧瓶熏蒸法测定了提取物对尖音库蚊(Culex pipiens)复组蚊的幼虫和成虫杀虫和驱避效果。结果表明,苍耳子、艾蒿叶与茎和紫茉莉叶与茎植物提取物对蚊的IV龄幼虫毒杀作用的LC50值分别是0.373 6、1.630 7、2.715 5、6.841 1和3.981 8 mg/mL,对成虫毒杀作用的LC50值分别是0.017 85、0.042 85、0.018 09、0.034 40和0.068 74 g/250 mL;5种提取物对幼虫的毒杀作用由强到弱依次是苍耳子、艾蒿叶、艾蒿茎、紫茉莉茎、紫茉莉叶,对成虫的毒杀作用由强到弱依次是苍耳子、艾蒿茎、紫茉莉叶、艾蒿叶、紫茉莉茎。The fruits of Fructus Xanthii,the leafs and stems of Artemisia argyi and the leafs and stems of Mirabilis jalapa were extracted by 60% Ethyl alcohol.The insecticidal efficacy of plant extracts on larvae and adults of Culex pipiens complex were studied by bioassay.The LC50 values of the fruits of Fructus Xanthii,the leafs and stems of Artemisia argyi and the leafs and stems of Mirabilis jalapa to the larvae were 0.3736,1.6307,2.7155,6.8411 and 3.981 8mg/mL.The LC50 values to the adults were 0.017 85,0.042 85,0.018 09,0.034 40 and 0.06 874 g/250mL.The killing effects to larvae were in the order of the fruits of Fructus Xanthii〉 the leaf of Artemisia argyi 〉 the stem of Artemisia argyi〉the stems of Mirabilis jalapa 〉the leaf of Mirabilis jalapa.The killing effects to the adults were in the order of the fruits of Fructus Xanthii〉the stem of Artemisia argyi 〉the leaf of Mirabilis jalapa 〉 the leaf of Artemisia argyi〉the stem of Mirabilis jalapa.It will have certain values in finding efficient plant pesticides.

关 键 词：苍耳(Xanthium sibiricum)子 艾蒿(Artemisia argyi) 紫茉莉(Mirabilis jalapa) 尖音库蚊(Culex pipiens)复组蚊 生物测定法 

分 类 号：R183.5[医药卫生—流行病学] TQ453.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]