不同黑麦草品种生产性能比较与优势品种筛选  

Comparison of the production performance of ryegrass cultivars and screening of dominant varieties

作　　者：刘春英 孙学映 朱体超 陈光蓉[2] 郑章云 

机构地区：[1]重庆三峡农业科学院,重庆404155 [2]重庆三峡职业学院,重庆404155

出　　处：《草业学报》2014年第4期39-48,共10页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：重庆市万州区科技计划项目(W2022N003);重庆三峡农业科学院自立项目(SAAS10G-1)资助

摘　　要：为系统了解不同黑麦草品种的生产性能,筛选出优势品种,通过大田品比试验,采用方差分析、灰色关联度分析和系统聚类法对引进的9个黑麦草品种的10个主要性状进行生产性能比较及综合评估。结果表明,不同刈割茬次或生育时期的生产性能差异明显,第2茬次的黑麦草生长发育快,产量高、品质好。综合考虑,2-5月份是本地区利用黑麦草青饲、青贮的最佳时期。不同黑麦草品种的生产性能遗传差异也较大。其中,速生、特高、凯力3个品种的鲜、干草产量,分蘖力,叶茎比,粗蛋白含量,生长强度等指标方面优于对照,产量和品质得到了较好的兼顾,关联度排序位居前3位,被聚为一类,综合性状表现良好,是万州区极具推广前景的优势牧草品种。伊犁特虽分蘖力强、干物率高,但其综合评估关联度较低,被单独聚为一类,可作特殊的育种材料用;其他品种生产性能综合表现与对照相当,被聚为一类,在万州地区可适当推广种植。The production performance of nine different ryegrass cultivars were investigated to screen for the dominant varieties using a field variety test.The production performances were compared and evaluated by variance analysis,grey correlation analysis and Hierachical clustering analysis of ten traits.The production performances differed on the basis of different cutting times or growth stages：the 2nd cutting of ryegrass had faster growth and development with higher yields and quality.The best growth period of ryegrass for green-feed and silage is from February to May.The production performance of the different cultivars was also related to genetic differences.Fresh/hay yield ratios,tillers,stem/leaf ratios,crude protein content and growth intensity of Diploid,Tetragold and Calibrawere better than those of the control（Abundat）.These three species were ranked in the top three places using grey correlation degree analysis and were clustered into one group using Hierachical clustering analysis.Their comprehensive characteristics performed well,therefore they could be used as dominant forage species with a good prospect for popularization and application in Wanzhou.Ellett had a lower weighted incidence degree but higher tiller and ratio of dry matter than the others,and it was the only one in its group,so it could be used as a special breeding material.The others all clustered into the same group and had a comprehensive performance equivalent to that of the control so that they could be appropriately planted in similar situations.

关 键 词：黑麦草 生产性能 灰色关联度分析 聚类分析 综合评估 

分 类 号：S543.6[农业科学—作物学]