我国木薯生产的实证分析  

Empirical analysis on cassava production in China

作　　者：姬卿[1] 傅国华[2] 闵义[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学农学院,海南海口570228 [2]海南大学,海南海口570228

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2014年第17期191-196,共6页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31160061);海南省哲学社会科学规划项目(HNSK14-32);海南省教育厅科研基金(Hjsk2013-19);海南大学专项科研基金(Hdjj1301)

摘　　要：以广西、广东、云南、海南、江西和福建6省区321户木薯种植户为样本,使用统计分析方法对我国木薯生产现状进行研究。结果表明:在我国各木薯主产区,福建家庭劳动力相对富余,海南家庭劳动力相对不足;云南户均家庭土地面积最多、为2.41 hm2,而广东最少,只有0.33 hm2;广西和江西户均木薯种植面积较多,分别为1.02、1.05hm2,广东最少,只有0.12 hm2;云南户均木薯种植获得的收入最多、为15 822.00元,广东最少,仅有822.98元。全国范围内,种植木薯总收入为18 069.9元/hm2,扣除总成本11 863.95元/hm2,净收入为6 205.95元/hm2,成本利润率达52.31%。影响木薯种植面积的第一因素是家庭土地面积,其次是家庭劳动力人数;影响木薯单产的第一因素是人工投入,其次是物质与服务费用;在木薯生产扩能方面,在国内首要发掘云南的生产潜力,其次为江西和广西,而在国外继续实施和推行以东盟、非洲为重点的"走出去"战略。提出构建木薯种植的现代化产业体系、加大木薯集约化高效种植技术的示范和推广、构建全国木薯农民专业合作社、指导农民进行木薯生产等政策建议。This paper analyzed the samples of 321 cassava growers from Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan, Hainan, Jiangxi and Fujian, and used statistical analysis methods to research the cassava production status in China. The results showed that, family labor was relatively abundant in Fujian, relatively insufficient in Hainan. Family per capita land area was the most in Yunnan with 2.41 ha, the least in Guangdong with 0.33 hm^2. Guangxi and Jiangxi had the most household cassava planting area, with 1.02 hm^2 and 1.05 hm^2, respectively, while Guangdong had the least with 0.12 hm^2. In Yunnan province, growers got the most household income up with 15 822.00 Yuan, while in Guangdong province, it was only 822.98 Yuan. On the national level, the income of planting cassava was 18 069.9 Yuan/hm^2, the net income was 6 205.95 Yuan/hm^2 by deducting the total cost of 11 863.95 Yuan/hm^2, and the cost-profit was 52.31%. The first factor affecting cassava acreage was family land area, followed by family labor force. The first factor affecting cassava yield was artificial investment, followed by cost of material and service. In terms of cassava production capacity enlargement, in the country, Yunnan province should be first to choose for expanding cassava production potential, and then Jiangxi and Guangxi. In foreign countries, we should continue to implement and carry out the strategy of ＂going out＂, in the meantime, we should put the emphasis on the association of south-east Asian nations （asean） and Africa for the better implementation of our strategy. At last, this paper proposed several policy recommendations including to build modem industrial system for cassava cultivation, to increase the efficiency of cassava intensive cultivation technology demonstration and promotion, to build the specialty cooperative of cassava peasants, to guide farmers with efficient cassava production.

关 键 词：木薯 生产 实证分析 

分 类 号：S889.5[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养] F326.12[农业科学—畜牧兽医]