漢晉紹封制度論考  

Discussion on the Shaofeng( 紹封) System in Han and Jin Dynasties

作　　者：尤佳[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南民族大学人文学院

出　　处：《中华文史论丛》2014年第3期201-227,共27页Journal of Chinese Literature and History

基　　金：國家民委2013年高等教育教學改革研究項目“基於課程羣建設的民族院校中國史學科課程體系與教學內容改革研究”(13052);雲南省教育廳2012年度科學研究基金項目“東漢列侯的分封與爵位繼承研究”(2012Y306)的資助

摘　　要：紹封是指由絶封者的子孫或親族成員承襲原爵主爵位的一種繼承方式。東漢侯爵的紹封制度具有兩個顯著特點:紹封降等與紹封選擇。王朝實行紹封繼絶的動機不像其宣稱的"章德"、"顯功"那麽簡單,主要原因與朝廷希望獲得外戚、功臣等勢力集團的支持以增强統治基礎有關。紹封制度在兩漢魏晉時期的發展大致可以曹魏中期爲界分爲前後兩段,前半段朝廷對"無子國除"之制執行得較爲嚴格,尤以東漢爲最;後半期重嫡之制明顯鬆動,支庶襲爵獲得極大推行,紹封繼絶也就變得極其有限了。王朝在不同時期采用不同的襲封政策和中央與封君或説皇權與貴族士大夫集團的力量對比有着非常密切的關係。The degraded and selective inheritances were the outstanding characteristics of the Shaofeng( 紹封) system of noblemen in Eastern Han Dynasty. The main reason of rulers carrying out Shaofeng system was that they wanted gain supports of the exterior relatives and meritorious staffs in order to consolidate the current domination. At the time of Eastern Han,"the inheritance principle of the legitimate son"was paid attention to and implemented strictly. It was loosed and the adaptations were popular at times such as Wei and Jin Dynasties. The different policy selections of governments usually depended on the power contrast between the central authorities and the noblemen.

关 键 词：绍封制度 封爵 继承制度 特点 演变 

分 类 号：K234[历史地理—历史学] K237[历史地理—中国史] D691.4[政治法律—政治学]