星载光电成像系统对空间点目标成像的弥散与拖尾特性研究  

Research on Dispersion and Striation Characteristic of Satellite Photoelectric Imaging System for Space Point Target Imaging

作　　者：吕建明[1] 牛燕雄[1] 刘海霞[1] 张颖[1] 许冰[1] 牛海莎[1] 刘雯文[1] 杨露[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学仪器科学与光电工程学院,北京100191

出　　处：《激光与光电子学进展》2014年第9期105-112,共8页Laser & Optoelectronics Progress

摘　　要：星载光电成像系统对空间点目标成像进行探测、识别时,由于受到系统衍射、像差及系统与目标相对运动等因素的影响,点目标成像会产生弥散与拖尾现象。以空间目标可见光反射特性和系统点扩散理论为基础,建立了目标成像弥散的数学物理模型,对系统的衍射、像差造成点目标成像弥散进行了理论分析与数值模拟研究;分析了系统与目标的相对运动关系,推导了单帧积分时间内目标在像平面上拖尾长度的表达式,定量研究了轨道高度、观测角等对拖尾长度的影响。结果表明,像差使目标成像的弥散程度增大,像斑中心强度下降;在成像系统参数及其轨道高度一定的条件下,目标的拖尾长度随着目标轨道高度的降低、观测角的增大而增大。When a satellite photoelectric imaging system is carried out on detection and recognition for space point target imaging, the point target will produce the phenomena of dispersion and striation because of the influence of diffraction and aberration of the system and the relative motion between the system and the target. A mathematical model of target imaging dispersion is derived based on the visible light reflectance characteristic of space target and the point spread theory of system, and the effect of diffraction and aberration on dispersion characteristic of the target imaging are analyzed and simulated; the relative motion relationship between the system and the target is analyzed. Expression for the striation length on image plane of the target is deduced within single frame integration time, and the influence of orbit altitude and observation angle on the striation is studied. Results show that the aberration makes dispersity increase and intensity of image patch decrease; striation length increases with the target＇s orbit altitude reducing and observation angle increasing under the condition of certain parameters and orbit altitude of imaging system.

关 键 词：成像系统 星载光电探测 空间点目标 弥散与拖尾 建模与仿真 

分 类 号：O432.2[机械工程—光学工程] V474.2[理学—光学]