中草药添加剂对乳鸽生长性能、屠宰性能和血液生化指标的影响  

Effects of Chinese herbal medicine supplementation on growth performance,slaughter performance and blood indexes of pigeons

作　　者：赵凤至[1] 杨海明[1] 顾天天 李婧[1] 孟俊 孙红暖[1] 赵林美 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]江苏翠谷鸽业有限公司,江苏南京211131

出　　处：《中国饲料》2014年第17期23-26,33,共5页China Feed

基　　金：国家重点(培育)学科资助(PAPD);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目;江苏省农业三项工程项目(SXGC[2012]100)

摘　　要：试验选用同一天孵化并出雏的种鸽72对,随机分为3组(对照组、抗生素组、中草药组),每组4个重复,每个重复6对种鸽及12只乳鸽。分别于1、7、14、21、28日龄称重,统计每对种鸽包括乳鸽的周耗料量,28日龄时从各重复中选取2只乳鸽,采血并用于测定血液生化指标,然后进行体尺测量和屠宰性能测定。结果表明:(1)中草药组平均日采食量分别较抗生素组和对照组提高6.74%、7.78%(P<0.05)。(2)中草药组28日龄乳鸽的体斜长和胸深分别较抗生素组提高7.67%和6.68%(P<0.05);中草药组的胸骨长分别较抗生素组和对照组提高6.83%和4.89%(P<0.05);中草药组和抗生素组胫长较对照组分别提高6.12%、4.47%(P<0.05)。(3)中草药组和抗生素组28日龄乳鸽血液低密度脂蛋白含量较对照组分别提高14.13%、19.57%(P<0.05),各组间其他血液指标差异均不显著(P>0.05)。(4)抗生素组28日龄乳鸽的半净膛率和全净膛率较对照组、中草药组分别提高4.79%、3.69%和5.32%、5.30%;中草药组的翅膀率较抗生素组提高11.75%(P<0.05),腿肌率较对照组和抗生素组分别提高9.01%、8.51%(P<0.05)。(5)中草药组的心脏、肝脏、脾脏、腺胃和肌胃重最量大,抗生素组的肝脏、脾脏和肌胃重量最小,但均未达到显著差异水平(P>0.05);(6)抗生素组28日龄乳鸽的空肠重较中草药组提高22.72%(P<0.05),十二指肠长度较中草药组和对照组分别减少13.65%、11.74%。由此可见,中草药添加剂在提高乳鸽生长性能和屠宰性能的同时,对乳鸽内脏器官生长发育和体尺具有一定的促进作用,且效果优于抗生素。Seventy-two pairs of breeding pigeons were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups,corresponding to control group,antibiotics group and Chinese herbal medicine group respectively.There were 4 replicates per group with 6 pairs of breeding pigeons and twelve squabs per replicate.The weight and feed intake of 1,7,14,21,28-day-old squabs were recorded every week during the experiment.At 28 day age,two pigeons of each replicate were randomly selected to determine blood indexes,body measurements and slaughter performance.The results were as follows：（1）The feed intake of Chinese herbal medicine group was 6.74%,7.78% higher than those of other 2 groups （P 〈 0.05）.（2）The body slant-ing length and chest depth of Chinese herbal medicine group were 7.67%,6.68% higher than those of antibiotics group （P 〈 0.05）.The sternum length of Chinese herbal medicine group was 6.83%,4.89% higher than those of other groups （P 〈0.05）.The metatarsus length of Chinese herbal medicine group and antibiotics group were 6.12%,4.47%higher than those of control group （P 〈 0.05）.（3）The LDL-C of Chinese herbal medicine group and antibiotics group were 14.13%, 19.57% higher than that of control groups at 28 day age （P 〈 0.05）.However,there were no significant difference among these groups in other blood indexes （P〉0.05）.（4）The half eviscerated carcass ratio and eviscerated carcass ratio of antibi-otics group were 4.79%,3.69%and 5.32%,5.30%higher than those of other 2 groups（P〈0.05）.The wing muscle ratio of Chi-nese herbal medicine group was 11.75% higher than that of antibiotics group （P 〈 0.05）.The leg muscle ratio of Chinese herbal medicine group was 9.01%,8.51%higher than those of other 2 groups（P〈0.05）.（5）The weight of heart,liver,spleen, proventriculus and gizzard of Chinese herbal medicine group were the highest among 3 groups.The weight of liver,spleen and gizzard of antibiotics group were the lowest among 3 groups.（6）The weight of jejunum of antibiotics group

关 键 词：中草药 抗生素 乳鸽 生长性能 屠宰性能 血液生化指标 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]