草地早熟禾越夏性强新品系‘KBG03’和‘KBG04’的选育及其与23个种质资源的草坪特性比较  

Selection of New Lines ‘KBG03' and ‘KBG04' for Summer-Tolerance and Turf Quality Evaluation of the New Lines with 23 other Germplasms in Kentucky Bluegrass

作　　者：袁晓君[1,2] 鲍真晶[1,3] 何亚丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学农业与生物学院,上海200240 [2]上海大学生命学院,上海200444 [3]上海应用技术学院高等职业学院,上海200235

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（农业科学版）》2014年第3期51-61,94,共12页Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University(Agricultural Science)

基　　金：上海市农委科技兴农重点攻关项目[沪农科攻字(2006)第4-5号];上海市科委重点科技攻关项目(10391901300);国家自然基金项目(30972134)

摘　　要：为了提高草地早熟禾（Poa pretensis L.）的越夏性和草坪质量,开展了选择育种.2006年3月-2010年10月,在人工接种褐斑病菌、夏季人工涝害胁迫和在上海的自然逆境条件胁迫下,通过单株与无性系选择和子一代草坪特性鉴定,从18个品种（系）的草坪试验小区上约为13.3万株单株中,筛选到2个越夏性强无性系KBG03和KBG04,分别来自于‘Midnight（午夜）’和‘Evergreen（四季青）’2个商品品种.2010年11月-2012年1月,对包括新选系在内的共计25个国内外品种（系）进行了田间成坪特性目测评分考察（试验1）.2011年10月-2013年7月,对2个优良无性系和2个对照品种‘Midnight’和‘Evergreen’进行了田间植株形态和草坪草密度的考察和计量（试验2）.试验结果表明,在25个相比较的种质资源材料中,‘KBG03’和‘KBG04’的综合评价名列前茅,主要表现在经过夏季炎热干旱胁迫后,秋季绿色草坪草的盖度平均保持在67％-71％,显著高于盖度为16％-26％的国外引进材料（试验1）,比原始品种‘Evergreen’和‘Midnight’高出56％-73％（试验2）.亮绿色、质地细腻、生长速度较快的草地早熟禾新品系‘KBG03’和‘KBG04’,在暖季中低管理水平下的草坪质量比2个对照（原始）品种‘Midnight’和‘Evergreen’有了显著提高.Screening progress was made from old germplasms to develop Kentucky bluegrass （Poa pratensis L. ） turfgrass cultivars with improved summer resistance. Two clones （＇ KBG03 ＇ and ＇ KBG04 ＇）resistant to summer-stress were selected from about 133 thousands initial single plants of 18 germplasms in turf trial plots under natural and artificial stresses of spring inoculation of one isolate of Rhizoctonia Solani Ktihn,the casual funfus of brown patch disease, and summer water logging between March 2006 and October 2010. Turfgrass visual quality of 25 Kentucky bluegrass germplasms including ＇KBG03＇ and ＇KBG04＇ was observed in field test （Test 1） in Shanghai during November 2010 and January 2012. Plant height, leaf blade width, and turfgrass coverage rate were measured and compared between the new lines and their original commercial cultivars ＇Midnight＇ and ＇Evergreen＇ in the field test （Test 2） during October 2011 and July 2013. The results showed that,in the 25 germplasms tested,the new lines ＇ KBG03＇ and ＇KBG04＇ were the top 2 and 3 ones having high level of resistance to summer stress as verified by significantly higher green turfgrass recoverage rate in late autumn from 67%to 71% compared to those from 16% to 26% for Test 1 and increased by 56% and 73% compared to ＇Midnight＇ and ＇Evergreen＇ respectively for Test 2. The newly selected lines ＇KBG03＇ and ＇KBG04＇ were erect common type Kentucky bluegrass with narrow leaf blade, light green color, a rapid vertical growth rate and high resistance to summer stress and performed better than standard cultivars under moderately low maintenance conditions in warm seasons.

关 键 词：草地早熟禾 新品系 草坪特性 越夏性 形态特征 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]