不同施氮比例对‘花优14’大田生长及产量的影响  

Effect of Different N Ratio on the Growth and Yield in Hybrid Rice ‘Huayou14'

作　　者：郁建飞 冯加根[2] 孙小淋[2] 周燕[2] 许恩龙 李维维[2] 

机构地区：[1]崇明县堡镇农业综合技术推广服务中心,上海202157 [2]崇明县农业技术推广中心,上海202150 [3]崇明县向化镇农业综合技术推广服务中心,上海202161

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（农业科学版）》2014年第4期40-44,53,共6页Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University(Agricultural Science)

基　　金：上海市崇明县科学技术发展资金项目(CKT2011-06)

摘　　要：在总施氮（纯氮）量为300kg/hm2的条件下,研究了前后期不同施氮比例对水稻‘花优14’大田生长及产量的影响。结果表明,前后期不同施氮比例对‘花优14’大田生长阶段的叶龄、绿叶数均无明显影响,对株高有一定的影响,但影响较小;前期施氮比例过高,则无效分蘖多,穗型小,产量较低;适当提高后期施氮比例,虽然一定程度上使有效穗数有所减少,但能促进幼穗分化、有利大穗形成、更易获得高产;后期施氮比例过高,有效穗、实粒数、千粒重均明显降低,更不利于产量提高,而且容易导致贪青迟熟;前后期施氮比例为6∶4~5∶5时不但能够取得较高产量,而且能够安全成熟。The growth and yield in Rice Huayou14 were investigated in early and late periods with by fertilizing 300 kg pure nitrogen per hectare during whole growth duration. The results showed that the different N ratio in the two periods had no effect on the leaf age and number of hybrid rice ＇ Huayou14＇, but had relatively small effect on the plant height. Excessive N ratio in early period increased the ineffective tiller,made the panicle type smaller and reduced the harvested yield. Increasing the N ratio at late stage appropriately, in a certain degree, reduced the effective panicle, improved ear differentiation, was advantageous to the large panicle, and made a good harvest. The excessive high N ratio at late stage significantly reduced the effective panicle, spikelet per panicle and thousand grain weight, delayed mature time, and was not good for improving yield. The 6：4-- 5：5 of proportion between basal-tiller fertilizer and earing fertilizer increased the yield and made the rice mature safely.

关 键 词：水稻 氮肥运筹 产量 构成因素 

分 类 号：S511.22[农业科学—作物学]