芥菜型油菜和芥蓝种间杂种的获得及其性状表现  

Obtaining and Character of the Interspecfic Hybrids between B. juncea and B. capitata

作　　者：阴涛[1] 韩甫[1] 陈东亮[1] 林呐[1] 殷家明[1] 李加纳[1] 周清元[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学农学与生物科技学院/南方山地农业教育部工程研究中心/重庆市油菜工程技术研究中心,重庆400715

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2014年第5期1126-1132,共7页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：高等学科创新引智计划(B12006);国家"948"重点项目(2011-G23);国家农业现代产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-13);重庆市自然科学基金(CSTC2011jjA80005);西南大学博士启动基金(SWU113064)

摘　　要：种间杂交是拓宽遗传种质资源,创制新物种、新材料的重要手段。利用芥菜型油菜和芥蓝种间杂交人工创制其种间杂种,并对其形态学、细胞学特点进行分析。结果表明：不同的杂交组合30 d后的子房残留数和获得幼胚数差异明显,杂交组合是影响种间杂交结子（幼胚）的重要因素;通过形态学鉴定出真杂种36份,均表现为较强的营养体杂种优势。真杂种减数分裂均为异常,在减数分裂后期具有不同程度的染色体丢失现象;无性系染色体数目部分为27条,部分为27-34条。真杂种花粉育性可染率在0-47.87%,自交结实率介于0-3.65%之间。Interspecific hybridization is an important approach to broaden genetic base and to obtain new species and germplasm. The objectives of this study are to obtain the interspecific hybrids from B. juncea and B. capitata and to study their morphological and cytological characteristics. Owing to the influence on the obtaining of embryos from the different crosses,the results showed that distinct differences between remained ovaries and obtained embryos after 30 d. Through morphology method,36 true hybrids which showed strong vegetative heterocyst had been identified. In addition,the meiosis behavior of the true hybrids was abnormal. Some chromosomes were lost for different levels in meiosis anaphase. Some clones had 27 chromosomes and others were from 27 to 34. The pollen fertility of the true hybrids ranged from 0 to 47. 87% and the self-fruitful rate was between 0 and 3. 65%.

关 键 词：油菜 种间杂交 芥菜型油菜 芥蓝 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]