低蛋白质日粮补充赖氨酸、蛋氨酸对离乳期梅花鹿氮代谢的影响  

Nitrogen metabolism in sika deer on a low protein diet supplemented with lysine and methionine

作　　者：黄健[1] 张铁涛[1] 鲍坤[1] 杨福合[1] 李光玉[1] 王凯英[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院特产研究所特种经济动物分子生物学国家重点实验室,吉林长春130112

出　　处：《草业学报》2014年第5期287-294,共8页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划专项"名优动物药梅花鹿产业发展关键技术研究"(2011BAI03B02);吉林省重大科技攻关专项(20140203018NY);长春市科技支撑计划"梅花鹿仔鹿专用TMR颗粒饲料产业化开发"(13NK07)资助

摘　　要：为研究低蛋白质日粮添加赖氨酸和蛋氨酸对仔鹿氮代谢的影响,采用4×4完全拉丁方试验,选取3月龄、健康、离乳梅花鹿仔鹿4只,体重为(30±0.12)kg(珚X±SD),进行消化代谢试验。对照组(Ⅰ组)饲喂16.28%粗蛋白质的高蛋白质日粮,试验组饲喂13.40%粗蛋白质,添加0.23%赖氨酸,并分别添加0(Ⅱ组)、0.06%(Ⅲ组)、0.12%(Ⅳ组)蛋氨酸的低蛋白质日粮。结果表明:1)对照组蛋白质消化率显著高于Ⅱ组(P<0.01)、Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组(P<0.05),脂肪消化率显著低于Ⅱ组(P<0.01),其他营养物质消化率差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)对照组和Ⅳ组蛋氨酸消化率显著高于Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组(P<0.05),对照组其余氨基酸消化率(赖氨酸、胱氨酸除外)显著高于各试验组(P<0.05)。3)对照组吸收氮显著高于Ⅱ组(P<0.01)、Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组(P<0.05),尿氮排放量显著高于各试验组(P<0.05),氮利用率及氮生物学效价低于各试验组(P>0.05)。4)对照组尿嘌呤衍生物总排放量显著大于Ⅱ组(P<0.01)和Ⅲ组(P<0.05),尿囊素显著大于Ⅱ组(P<0.01)、Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组(P<0.05),对照组、Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组黄嘌呤和次黄嘌呤显著高于Ⅱ组(P<0.01)。补充赖氨酸、蛋氨酸可改善低蛋白质日粮仔鹿营养物质消化率利用率,除粗蛋白外其他营养物质消化率与常规蛋白质水平相近,甚至更好,提高氮沉积、氮利用率和生物学效价,改善氮平衡,减少氮排放,降低环境污染。The effect of a low crude protein （CP）diet supplemented with amino acids on nitrogen metabolism in four three month old sika deer fawns [mean live weight （30±0.12）kg]was investigated using a 4×4 Latin square design experiment.Four diets were compared;control （groupⅠ）fed a 16.28% crude protein diet,a group fed 13.40 % CP diet supplemented with 0.23% lysine and 0 （group Ⅱ）,0.06% （group Ⅲ）,0.12%（group Ⅳ）methionine.The results show that the CP digestibility of the control group was significantly greater than group Ⅱ （P〈0.01）,Ⅲ and Ⅳ （P〈0.05）but ether extract digestibility was lower than group Ⅱ （P〈0.01）.No treatment differences for other nutrients were found （P〉0.05）.Methionine digestibility in the con-trol group and group Ⅳ was significantly greater than group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ （P〈0.05）;digestibility of other amino acids （except lysine and cystine）in the control group was significantly greater than all other groups （P〈0.05）.Nitrogen （N）absorption in the control group was significantly greater than group Ⅱ （P〈0.01）,Ⅲand Ⅳ （P〈0.05）while urine N emissions were significantly greater and N utilization lower than other groups （P〈0.05）.Total urine purine emissions in the control group were significantly greater than group Ⅱ （P〈0.01）and Ⅲ （P〈0.05）and allantoin emissions significantly greater than group Ⅱ （P〈0.01）,Ⅲ and Ⅳ（P〈0.05）.Xanthine and hypoxanthine emissions in group Ⅱ was significantly lower than the control group （P〈0.01）,groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ （P〈0.05）.Supplementing with lysine and methionine improved the apparent digestibility of a low CP diet,approaching the digestibility of diets with a normal protein content and improving N retention and N utilization,reducing N emissions and helping to protect the environment.

关 键 词：仔鹿 氨基酸 消化代谢 尿嘌呤衍生物 

分 类 号：S865.3[农业科学—野生动物驯养]