日光温室环境空气的变化规律及质量评价  

Variation and Quality Assessment of Ambient Air in Solar Greenhouse

作　　者：张敏[1] 王建[1] 崔秀敏[1] 王秀峰[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学资源与环境学院,山东泰安271018 [2]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [3]农业部黄淮地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2014年第5期664-669,共6页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：国家农业部现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-25-D);泰安市科技发展计划(32606)

摘　　要：为明确日光温室环境空气质量的变化规律,采用实地固点监测的方法,选取1、5和10 a棚龄的日光温室,分别对其室内温度、相对湿度、可吸入颗粒物(PM10)、总悬浮物(TSP)及Cl2、NH3、NO、O3进行监测,并对室内空气质量进行评价。结果表明,温室内温湿度、气体浓度变化与外界气象条件变化关系密切,温室内PM10和TSP浓度随棚龄的增大而逐渐升高。不同棚龄温室内Cl2、NH3、NO和O3浓度日、月变化规律一致,Cl2、NH3和O3浓度峰值出现在午后,NO浓度峰值出现在揭苫和盖苫前后,且O3与NO浓度呈负相关(r=-0.964),1、5和10 a棚龄的日光温室内Cl2日平均浓度和NH3日最高浓度均超过国家标准,而NO和O3浓度未超标。温室内PM10和TSP浓度以10 a棚龄温室为最高,1 a棚龄温室为最低。1—2月温室内PM10和TSP浓度最高,且10 a棚龄温室内PM10超过国家标准。In order to determine quality of the ambient air in solar greenhouses and its variation pattern,three solar greenhouses,different in operation age,(1,5 and 10 a),were chosen for monitoring of indoor temperature,relative humidity,Cl2,NH3,NO,O3,inhalable particle(PM10) and total suspended particles(TSP),using the in-situ fixed site monitoring method. And on such a basis,quality of the indoor air was evaluated. Results show that the temperature,relative humidity,concentrations of Cl2,NH3,NO and O3 inside the greenhouses were closely related to the outside meteorological conditions,and the concentration of suspended particles increased with the operation age of the greenhouse. Diurnal and monthly variations of Cl2,NH3,NO and O3 did not differ much between greenhouses different in age. The highest concentrations of Cl2,NH3 and O3occurred at about 14:00,while that of NO did around the times of mat uncovering and covering,NO was negatively correlated with O3 in concentration(r =- 0. 964). The daily mean concentrations of Cl2 and the highest concentrations of NH3 in the greenhouses,regardless of age,all exceeded the national standard,but those of O3 and NO did not. In terms of concentration of PM10 and TSP,the 10 a greenhouse was the highest,and followed by the 5 a greenhouse and 1 a greenhouse. The concentration of PM10 and TSP in January and February was the highest in a year,and especially in the 10 a greenhouse,where PM10 exceeded the national standard for indoor air quality.

关 键 词：日光温室 种植年限 空气质量 变化规律 

分 类 号：X823[环境科学与工程—环境工程]