贵州省垂乳银杏调查  

Search on Chichi Ginkgo in Guizhou Province

作　　者：刘莉娟[1] 邢世岩[1] 李真[1] 任娟霞[1] 吴岐奎[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学林学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第4期559-563,共5页Journal of Shandong Agricultural University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30671707;30872040)

摘　　要：贵州省100 年以上的古银杏发现垂乳,形状似钟乳石,基部较宽、顶端钝圆似乳头,皮部银灰色,基径5～30cm,长度5～150 cm.调查贵州省古银杏329 株,分布零散,未形成群落;共计44 株,雌株22 株,雄株22 株,各占50.0%.分别位于花溪区、乌当区、息烽县等14 个县,按垂乳的发生部位分为枝生垂乳、干生垂乳和基生垂乳.枝生垂乳和干生垂乳按垂乳的发育过程分为三种类型：初生垂乳、中生垂乳、成熟垂乳.垂乳银杏的树高和胸径分布呈正态分布,相对比较集中,树高为20～30 m１,胸径为1.0～2.0 m.降水量大、年均日照时间长,促进垂乳的发生.Chichi was found from ancient Ginkgo biloba more than 100 years in Guizhou province, whose shape likes astalactite. Th base of chichi is wider and the top is blunt,which likes a nipple. The external bark is silver grey. The basediameter is around 5～30cm and the length is about 5～150 cm. Surveying Guizhou ancient Ginkgo biloba 329 plants, theChichi ginkgo add up to make a total of 44 trees. Female is half of the total and the other is male. Usually, the Chichi ginkgosare located in counties, such as Wudang, Xifeng County, and so on, 14 counties. According to the position , the chichi can bedivided into branch chichi, trunk chichi and base chichi.Trunk and branch chichis divided into three types, according to thedevelopment process, which are mature chichi, medium chichi and primary chichi. The height and diameter distribution ofChichi ginkgo were normal distribution, relatively concentrated. Mostly, approximately the height is 20~30 m and diameter atbreast height is about 1.0～2.0 m. Rainfall and annual average sunshine for a long time promotes the occurrence of chichi.

关 键 词：垂乳银杏 枝生垂乳 干生垂乳 基生垂乳 

分 类 号：S718.42[农业科学—林学]