激素替代治疗与绝经后骨质疏松症  

Hormone replacement therapy for postmenopausal osteoporosis

作　　者：宋志琴[1] 胡平[1] 

机构地区：[1]海军总医院妇产科,北京100048

出　　处：《转化医学杂志》2014年第5期302-305,共4页Translational Medicine Journal

摘　　要：绝经后骨质疏松症主要是由于卵巢功能的减退或衰竭、雌激素水平下降而导致破骨细胞的骨吸收大于成骨细胞的骨形成,以进行性骨丢失、骨小梁退行性病变、骨质疏松、骨脆性增加和骨折风险增加为临床特征的全身性疾病,具有发病率随绝经年限延长而增高的特点。临床中相当数量的绝经后女性并不重视骨质疏松的严重性,从而延误了预防和治疗的最佳时机,增加了骨质疏松症治疗的复杂性。激素替代治疗是预防和治疗绝经后女性骨质疏松的有效方法之一,尤其是对于预防过早绝经妇女的骨质丢失已成为一线的治疗手段,且具有成本低、安全性高的优点。激素替代治疗不仅可增加患者的骨密度、减缓骨丢失,而且还可使血清降钙素、碱性磷酸酶骨质破坏的标志物较基础水平明显下降,起到预防和治疗绝经后妇女骨质疏松和骨折的作用。本文就绝经后妇女骨质的改变进行综述。Postmenopausal osteoporosis is mainly due to the loss of ovarian function or failure, decreased estrogen levels caused by broken bone resorption of bone cells than of osteoblasts in bone formation, with progressive bone loss, bone trabecular degenerative diseases, osteoporosis, increased osteopsathyrosis and increased risk of fracture for the clinical features of systemic disease.Numbers of clinical postmenopausal women do not attach importance to the severity of osteoporosis,which delay the best time of the prevention and treatment, increase the complexity of the osteoporosis treatment. Hormone replacement therapy for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women is one of effective method,especially for prevention of early postmenopausal bone loss has be-come a first-line treatment,and has advantages of low cost and high security.Hormone replacement therapy can increase not only in patients with bone mineral density, slow bone loss,but also can make hints of bone destruction markers, such as the serum calcitonin and alkaline phosphatase levels decrease obviously, which play a role in prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and fractures.In this paper, the changes of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women is reviewed.

关 键 词：绝经后女性 骨质疏松 骨密度 

分 类 号：R681[医药卫生—骨科学] R459.1[医药卫生—外科学]