镧化合物催化酯交换合成碳酸二乙酯  

Synthesis of diethyl carbonate through transesterification of dimethyl carbonate with ethanol catalyzed by lanthanum compounds

作　　者：李建华 梅付名[2] 陈鄂湘[2] 

机构地区：[1]福建体育职业技术学院,福建福州350003 [2]华中科技大学化学与化工学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《武汉科技大学学报》2014年第5期371-374,378,共5页Journal of Wuhan University of Science and Technology

摘　　要：以碳酸二甲酯（DMC）与乙醇进行酯交换法合成碳酸二乙酯（DEC）,并考察不同催化剂、催化剂用量、反应时间、反应配比、催化剂重复性使用对反应的影响.结果表明,无水硝酸镧催化碳酸二甲酯与乙醇的酯交换反应具有优良的活性;当反应温度为76-80℃,乙醇与DMC摩尔比为8∶1,催化剂用量占DMC量的0.7%（摩尔分数）时,反应7h后DMC的转化率为86.0%,碳酸二乙酯和碳酸甲乙酯（EMC）的产率分别为59%和26.5%,酯交换反应的选择性为99.4% ;催化剂无水硝酸镧在重复使用5次后仍具有很好的催化活性.T his paper studies the synthesis of diethyl carbonate by the transesterification of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) with ethanol .It finds that lanthanum nitrate is a good catalyst for this reaction . The reaction conditions are optimized .When the temperature is between 76 and 80 ℃ ,n(ethanol)∶n(DMC)=8∶1 ,the amount of catalyst is 0 .7 mol% of DMC ,the conversion of DMC after 7 hours of reaction is 86 .0% and the yields of diethyl carbonate (DEC) and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) are 59% and 26 .5% ,respectively .The transesterification selectivity is 99 .4% .La(NO3 )3 has been re-used 5 times for the transesterification of DMC with ethanol without displaying loss of its catalytic ac-tivity .

关 键 词：酯交换 碳酸二甲酯 碳酸二乙酯 碳酸甲乙酯 硝酸镧 

分 类 号：O69[理学—化学]