论国际安全关系  

On International Security Relationships

作　　者：李少军[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院国际关系研究所,上海200020

出　　处：《世界经济与政治》2014年第10期40-55,156,共16页World Economics and Politics

摘　　要：在国际关系中,安全都是互动的产物。国家谋求安全就是谋求与他国相关的利益。这样形成的互动会使国家在安全上相互依赖,并且会构成国际安全体系。国家间所存在的主权与外交关系、政治与价值认同关系、地缘关系、军事关系、经济关系以及全球治理关系等都内含安全上的相互作用与相互影响。这些安全关系所体现的是主权国家结构。这种结构从整体上讲具有无政府状态下的自助和规范约束下的共存两个基本属性。自利与自助会导致国家间发生冲突,但主权规范下的共存又会使国家行为受到约束。由于国家在安全互动中对现状的改变只有得到相关方的同意才能真正消除不安全状态,因此谋求合法性与共同安全乃是安全互动的必然走向。任何国家在国际安全体系中实现自己的安全利益,都要有实力和能力改变现状,但同时又要让安全互动有可以谈判的空间以利于得到相关方的同意。在互动中,只有让一定的结局实现合法化,国家所面对的安全问题才能得到最终解决。In international relations,security is a product of interactions.A state that wants to achieve security must seek interests that are relevant to other states.The security interdependence of states constitutes the international security system.This sovereign state structure has two basic features:the first is self-help under anarchy,and the second is coexistence restricted by norms.Self-interest and self-help bring states into conflict,but the coexistence of norms of sovereignty constrains their behaviors.A state can change the security situation to truly eliminate unsafe conditions only when related parties agree,and thus the quest for legitimacy and common security is an inevitable trend in security interactions.Any state in the international security system that seeks to achieve its own security interests should have the strength and capabilities to change the status quo,but at the same time it has to allow for security interactions that provide room for negotiations in order to receive the approval of others.In such interactions,only by legalizing certain outcomes can the security problems faced by countries be finally resolved.

关 键 词：安全关系 相互依赖 无政府状态 国际规范 合法性 

分 类 号：D81[政治法律—国际关系]