美日返还琉球群岛和大东群岛施政权谈判中的钓鱼岛问题  

Diaoyu Islands Issue in the US and Japanese Reversion Negotiation over Ryukyu Islands and Daito Islands

作　　者：崔修竹 崔丕[2] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学冷战国际史研究中心,博士研究生上海200241 [2]华东师范大学历史学系/冷战国际史研究中心,教授上海200241

出　　处：《世界历史》2014年第5期4-22,156,共19页World History

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目<美日返还琉球群岛和大东群岛施政权谈判与钓鱼岛归属问题研究>(项目编号:14ASS006)的中期研究成果

摘　　要：在美日两国返还琉球群岛和大东群岛施政权谈判初期,日本政府要求美国政府同意其公开发表关于"尖阁诸岛是琉球群岛的一部分"的声明。美国政府坚持以美国国务院新闻发言人答记者问的方式阐明上述立场,并将施政权与主权问题分离开来,主权争端由当事国协商或提交国际法院仲裁。在美日两国谈判有关返还区域的法律文件过程中,日本政府提出在返还协定第一条的《附件》中以经纬度线标示返还区域,从而将钓鱼岛纳入其中。美国政府虽然同意以经纬度线标示返还区域,但坚持采取《谅解议事录》的形式。面对中日两国关于钓鱼岛主权归属问题的争端,美国政府压制中国台湾当局关于返还钓鱼岛施政权、暂不将钓鱼岛纳入返还范围的要求,仅仅同意敦促日本与中国台湾当局讨论钓鱼岛问题。美国政府将钓鱼岛的实际控制权移交给日本政府,为中日两国关于钓鱼岛主权争端埋下了祸根。In the early stage of the reversion negotiation over Ryukyu Islands and Daito Islands,the Japanese Government requested that the US government subscribe to its public statement on 'Senkaku( Diaoyu)Islands being part of Ryukyu Islands'. The US government insisted that it would state its stance at the press meeting through the spokesperson of the Department of the State,and that it would separate the administrative right from the sovereign right. The sovereign dispute would be subject to the negotiation between the nations concerned or to the arbitration of International Court of Justice. In preparing the documents on the reversion of the region,the Japanese government proposed that in the 'Annex'to the Article One of the Reversion Agreement,the reversion region be indicated with the lines of longitude and latitude. In this way, Diaoyu Islands would be included in this region. Although the US government approved the indication of the region by the lines of longitude and latitude,it insisted that it be written into Agreed Minute to Article I. Facing the dispute between the Chinese and Japanese over the sovereignty of Diaoyu Islands,the US government suppressed Taipei's request to return the administrative right of the island to Taiwan and did not put it in the Reversion Agreement with Japan at the moment. The US government only agreed to urge Tokyo and Taipei to discuss the issue of Diaoyu Islands. The US government surrendered to Japan the right of practical control over Dioayu Islands,which sowed the seed of dispute between the two nations over the sovereignty of the islands.

关 键 词：美国 日本 钓鱼岛 琉球群岛 谅解议事录 

分 类 号：D815.3[政治法律—国际关系] K153[政治法律—政治学]