单势阱粒子溢流模型中热力学量的涨落效应  

Fluctuation effects of thermodynamic variables in particle-spilling-from-well model with single potential well

作　　者：张学军[1] 饶坚[1] 邓杨保[1] 蒋练军[1] 田野[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南城市学院通信与电子工程学院,益阳413000

出　　处：《物理学报》2014年第19期59-67,共9页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金(批准号:12JJ3011和14JJ6043);湖南省教育厅科学研究计划项目(批准号:10C0509)资助的课题~~

摘　　要：采用相空间积分方法严格导出了各态历经条件下单势阱粒子溢流模型中系统温度和阱内粒子数涨落的解析表达式,着重讨论了热力学量涨落与总粒子数和势阱体积之间的关系.研究表明,系统总粒子数越少以及势阱体积越小,热力学涨落越显著,并且热力学涨落与阱内粒子的溢出密切相关.粒子的溢出和系统负比热及热力学大幅涨落的发生存在一一对应的关系,这一对应关系的根源可以从表观能量逆均分来理解.Under ergodic condition, the analytic expressions for the fluctuations of temperature and particle number in the well of a system are obtained rigorously in particle-spilling-from-well model by means of integration approaches in phase space; the relationships among fluctuations of thermodynamic variables, the total particle numbers, and the well volume are emphasized. Results show that the less the total number of particles and the smaller the well＇s volume, the more remarkable the thermodynamic fluctuations effect, and the more closely the thermodynamic fluctuations related to the particle spilling from the well. There is a one to one correspondence between particle spilling from the well and the occurrence of negative specific heat, and the huge thermodynamic fluctuations,as well as, the origin of this phenomenon can be understood by the apparent energy inverse partition.

关 键 词：单势阱粒子溢流模型 涨落 表观能量逆均分 负比热 

分 类 号：O414.1[理学—理论物理]