乒乓球运动员空间注意返回抑制特征的研究  

Inhibition of Return Characteristics of Table Tennis Players

作　　者：丁振宾[1] 周文福[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连民族学院体育教学部,辽宁大连116600 [2]哈尔滨工业大学体育部,山东威海264209

出　　处：《沈阳体育学院学报》2014年第4期122-126,共5页Journal of Shenyang Sport University

摘　　要：目的:探究乒乓球运动员在检测任务中基于位置和基于客体的返回抑制特点,以期对乒乓球运动员心理选材、训练状态监控等有积极指导作用,并对运动员注意方面弱点进行有针对性的训练,以提高运动成绩。方法:采用基于位置的返回抑制范式和基于客体的返回抑制范式,分别考察乒乓球运动员在不同时程下基于位置和基于客体的返回抑制的特征并且与普通大学生比较。结果:在基于位置返回抑制的测试任务中,普通大学生和乒乓球运动员在200 ms时程下出现返回抑制,在1 200 ms时程下还未消失,但是在200 ms时程下乒乓球运动员返回抑制的量显著大于普通大学生。在基于客体返回抑制的测试任务中,普通大学生返回抑制出现时程为500 ms,而乒乓球运动员返回抑制出现时程为800 ms,晚于普通大学生。结论:在静态环境中,运动员较普通大学生具有更强的返回抑制能力;在动态环境中,乒乓球运动员为保证反应时整体上的收益,采用了不同于普通大学生的认知加工策略。Objective： This study try to investigate the athletes＇ characteristics of IOR based on location and object in the de- tection task. It can not only play a role of positive guidance to the cognitive selection, training, condition monitoring of table tennis players, but also carry out targeted training to the weaknesses of the athletes＇ attention to enhance sports results. Methods：By classic location-based inhibition of return paradigm and classic object-based inhibition of return paradigm, it inspects the characteristics of location-based Inhibition of Return and subject-based Inhibition of Return of the table tennis athletes at different SOA and compares it with ordinary students. Results： In the location-based detection test, college students and table tennis athletes show IOR in the 200ms and do not disappear in the 1200ms ,but in the 200ms the amount of IOR of athletes is significantly larger than that of ordinary college students. In the object-based detection test, college students show IOR in the 500ms while and table tennis players show IOR in the 800ms, later than the ordinary college students. Conclusion：In static condition, table tennis player have better performance in the test of inhibition of return , and they take different cognitive processing strategy from ordinary college students for overall revenue of response time in dy- namic condition.

关 键 词：返回抑制 基于位置 基于客体 空间位置 SOA 

分 类 号：G846[文化科学—体育训练]