智利竹鱼渔场海洋微生物的物种多样性及其生物活性筛选  

Biodiversity and bioactivity screening of marine microbial strains isolated from Trachurus murphyi Chile fishing grounds

作　　者：田晓清[1] 张衡[1] 马丽艳[1] 樊成奇[1] 苑丽东 杨桥[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,上海200090

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2014年第5期396-401,共6页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：国家“863”计划(2012AA092301);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(2014M02);上海市科技创新行动计划(12231203901)资助

摘　　要：利用东海水产研究所开展的2012年东南太平洋智利竹鱼(Trachurus murphyi)渔场生态环境调查,对该海域75个站点进行了海洋微生物样品的采集;通过菌株的16S rRNA测序及GenBank数据库比对,分析了从所采样品中分离获得的海洋微生物菌株的物种多样性;通过菌株发酵、代谢产物提取及其抗菌滤纸扩散分析,对其发酵代谢产物粗提物进行了抗菌活性筛选;通过类胡萝卜素合成通路中八氢番茄红素合成酶(crtB)及脱氢酶(crtI)基因分析,对筛选到的抗菌活性菌株进行了基因筛选。结果表明,累计分离获得可培养海洋微生物菌株628株,其隶属12个属,其中的优势菌属包括亚硫酸盐杆菌属(Sulfitobacter)、弧菌属(Vibrios)及气单胞菌属(Aeromonas)。其中16株菌株的发酵代谢产物具有明显的抗菌活性,而其中12株活性菌株具有合成类胡萝卜素的crtB、crtI分子遗传基础。Exploration of new marine microbial resources is a highlight in fields like development and utilization of marine biological resources,and innovative marine drugs.And research on mining,storage and function of new marine microbial resources in pelagic fishery will open a new way for substantial development and utilization of marine resources in specific areas.Trachurus murphyi Chile fishery in the southeast Pacific is an important part of pelagic fishery for China.This study is to isolate and purify marine microbial strains from samples of Trachurus murphyi Chile fishing grounds,analyze their microbial biodiversity and screen their bioactivity.Environmental microbial samples from 75 sites were obtained through ecological and environmental investigation on Trachurus murphyi Chile fishing grounds in 2012.The microbial biodiversity analysis of isolated stains was performed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and gene homology blasting performed in GenBank.The following bioactive strains screening for anti-bacterial bioactivity was performed using microbial strain fermentation,fermentation extraction and paper filter diffusion analysis using Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,Bacillus subtilis and Vibro parahaemolyticus as indicators.The molecular gene analysis was accomplished focusing on two key genes,phytoene synthase （crtB） and phytoene desaturase （crtⅠ）,during the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway.In total 628 microbial strains were isolated,and 12 genuses were indentified,and the predominant bacteria were Sulfitobacter,Vibrios and Aeromonas.All 20 screened active strains could produce pigments and colors of their bacterial colony,including black,pink,red and yellow.Their cell diameters ranged from 0.9 to 1.2 μm,and could utilize various carbon sources to grow.Results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing and gene homology blasting performed in GenBank for No.522 strain showed that it had 97.1％ gene similarity with the previously reported strains,indicating that it was a potentially new species,and was nominated

关 键 词：智利竹(夹)鱼渔场 海洋微生物 物种多样性 活性筛选 

分 类 号：Q949.3[生物学—植物学]