甘蔗叶活性炭的制备工艺优化及表征  

Optimization of Preparation Technology and Characterization of Sugarcane Leaves Activated Carbon

作　　者：蒙冕武[1] 齐丛亮 刘庆业[1] 吕梁[1] 康彩艳[1] 周振明[1] 张涛[1] 陈春强[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学环境与资源学院珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护省部共建教育部重点实验室,广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室,桂林541004

出　　处：《材料导报》2014年第18期46-50,共5页Materials Reports

基　　金：2012年度广西高校重大科研项目(201201ZD006);广西自然科学基金(2011GXNSFA018027);珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护省部共建教育部重点实验室研究基金(桂科能1101Z006);广西研究生创新计划项目(YCSZ2013041);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(201210602024);国家自然科学基金(21467002)

摘　　要：采用中心复合设计(CCD)方法研究活化剂浓度、活化温度及时间等对甘蔗叶活性炭得率及吸附性能的影响;运用Design Expert软件建立活性炭得率和碘吸附值的预测模型,优化甘蔗叶活性炭的制备工艺;并采用FTIR、SEM和XRD等方法对甘蔗叶及其活性炭的表面官能团、微观形貌和晶体结构进行分析。结果表明,甘蔗叶活性炭最优制备工艺:活化剂浓度为2.50%(质量分数)、活化温度为705℃、活化时间为65min,样品得率和碘吸附值分别为29.33%、987.69 mg/g,与模型预测值误差分别为7.88%、2.68%;甘蔗叶活性炭的孔径范围为735.1nm^7.16μm,微晶层距d(002)为0.3559nm,微晶尺度La、Lc分别为0.3054nm、0.1420nm,表面官能团主要有羧基、酚羟基、醇羟基、胺基等。The influencing factors on the yield and adsorption capacity of sugarcane leaves-based activated carbon such as concentration of activating agent,activating temperature and time were systematically studied by means of central composite design （CCD）,and the prediction models of the yield and iodine adsorption capacity of the activated carbon were built by Design Expert to optimize its production condition.The surface functional groups,microstructure and crystal structure of the specimen were analyzed by FT-IR,SEM and XRD,respectively.The best technology on manufacture of activated carbon were obtained：.sugarcane leaves were soaked in 2.5wt％ ammonium dihydrogen phosphate,and activated at 705 ℃ for 65 min,the yield and iodine adsorption capacity of the sample were 29.33％ and 987.69 mg/g,and the error between actual and predicted value was only 7.88％,2.68％,respectively.The range of diameter pore size of the specimen was 735.1 nm-7.16μm,the microcrystalline layer distance d（002） and crystallite size La,Lc were 0.3559 nm,0.3054 nm and 0.1420 nm,respectively.Surface functional groups of samples were mainly carboxyl,phenolic and alcoholic hydroxyl,amino and so on.

关 键 词：甘蔗叶 活性炭 中心复合设计 表征 

分 类 号：TQ424.1[化学工程]