西北太平洋海域风浪、涌浪、混合浪波浪能资源特征  

Characteristics analysis on wave energy over Northwest Pacific ocean in the last 44 years

作　　者：郑崇伟[1] 游小宝[2,3] 陈晓斌[1] 李燕 

机构地区：[1]解放军理工大学气象海洋学院,南京211101 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体数值模拟国家重点实验室,北京100029 [3]北京城市气象研究所,北京100089 [4]大连市气象台,辽宁大连116001

出　　处：《气象科学》2014年第4期408-413,共6页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2010CB951901)

摘　　要：用ECMWF的ERA-40海浪再分析资料,应用波浪能流密度计算方法,对西北太平洋海域的风浪能、涌浪能、混合浪能展开研究。结果表明:(1)波浪能流密度呈现出显著季节性差异。混合浪能流密度表现为冬高夏低;春、夏、秋季的涌浪能流密度明显大于风浪能流密度,冬季相反;(2)混合浪能流密度的大值区主要分布于阿留申群岛附近海域,高值中心可达60 kW/m以上;近海的大值区主要分布于琉球群岛—巴士海峡—传统的南海大风区一带,年平均值在4 kW/m以上,南海北部可达12 kW/m以上;(3)黄渤海的涌浪和混合浪能流密度峰值出现在8—9月,波谷出现在6月。风浪能流密度峰值出现在11月—次年3月,波谷出现在6—8月,均呈现双峰型月变化特征。东海、南海北部、南海中南部海域能流密度的月变化特征相似,都为双峰型,12月—次年4月的能流密度整体较高,波峰出现在12月,波谷出现在5—7月;(4)2 kW/m以上混合浪能流密度出现的频率较高,近海低于大洋;(5)0.5 m以上有效波高出现的频率都非常高,中国近海稍低于大洋;(6)涌浪能流密度的稳定性明显好于风浪能流密度;大洋的能流密度稳定性明显强于近岸。1月份能流密度的稳定性最好,4月和7月次之,10月的稳定性最差。By using ERA-40 wave reanalysis data from ECMWF （European Centre for MediumRange Weather Forecasts）,the research on the wind wave,swell,mixed wave energy resources over the Northwest Pacific ocean was carried out with wave energy density calculating method.The results show as follows：（1） There was an obvious seasonal variation in wave energy density over the Northwest Pacific ocean,that was the high density of mixed wave energy in winter but low one in summer; the density of swell wave energy was larger than that of wind wave energy in spring,summer and autumn except winter.（2） Large-value center of mixed wave energy density mainly distributed in Aleutian Islands and its adjacent waters,which amounted to more than 50 kW/m.Relative large value areas of mixed wave energy density in China Sea located in the line of Ryukyu Islands-Luzon Strait-Pullo Secca de Mare （southeast of South Peninsula）,appearing in NE-SW direction,and the annual average value was above 4kW/m,even up to 12 kW/m in the northern South China Sea.（3） Wave energy densities in the Bohai Sea,Yellow Sea,East China Sea and South China Sea exhibited obvious bimodal monthly variation characteristics.（4） The wave energy density above 2 kW/m repeatedly occurred.（5） The significant wave height （SWH） above 0.5 m in the most of Northwest Pacific ocean were frequent,near 90％.（6） The stability of swell wave energy density is much better than that of wind wave energy,and it was much better in the ocean than in nearshore.The wave energy density in January was the most stable all year around,and it was the worst in October.

关 键 词：波浪能 能流密度 季节特征 稳定性 

分 类 号：P47[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]