不同栽培方式对蓝莓梢果发育的影响  

Effects of different cultivation methods on development of shoots and fruits in blueberry

作　　者：王培培[1,2] 侯智霞[1,2,3] 王冲[1,2] 杨乐[1,2] 宫中志 张根柱 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]北京林业大学蓝莓研究与发展中心,北京100083 [3]青岛沃林蓝莓果业有限公司,山东青岛266400

出　　处：《经济林研究》2014年第3期129-133,166,共6页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(YX2013-12)

摘　　要：为给蓝莓的高效优质栽培提供理论依据,以6年生北高丛蓝莓品种‘蓝丰’为试验材料,就温室、冷棚(塑料大棚)、露地3种栽培方式对蓝莓物候期和新梢及果实生长发育的影响情况进行了试验研究。结果表明:温室栽培方式下,‘蓝丰’的始花期、成熟期比冷棚栽培的分别提前了50、37 d,比露地栽培的分别提前了69、58 d;温室、冷棚和露地栽培条件下,蓝莓在花期、果实生长发育期(从坐果至成熟)所需≥10℃的有效积温分别为(169±2)、(454±5)℃,蓝莓果实的最佳采收期分别为5月下旬、6月下旬、7月中旬,其新梢旺长期分别为4月上旬至5月上旬、5月上旬至6月上旬、5月中旬至6月中旬。In order to provide a theoretical basis for high effi cient and quality cultivation, taking six-year-old northern highbush blueberry cultivar ‘Bluecrop＇ as materials, effects of different cultivation methods on pheonological period and development of fruits and the shoots were researched in three cultivation methods of greenhouse, cold-shed（plastic greenhouse） and open-field cultivation. The results show that early fl owering season and fruit maturing time of ‘bluecrop＇in greenhouse cultivation are earlier 50 days and 37 days than in cold-shed cultivation, earlier 69 days and 58 days than in open-field cultivation, respectively. During flowering period and fruit growth and development period, the effective accumulated temperatures over 10 ℃ are（169±2） and（461±14） ℃, in the three cultivation methods. In greenhouse cultivation, cold-shed cultivation and open-field cultivation, the best harvest period are in late May, late June, mid July, rapid growth periods of new shoots are in early April to early May, early May to early July, mid May to mid June, respectively.

关 键 词：蓝莓 栽培方式 果实生长发育 新梢生长 

分 类 号：S663.9[农业科学—果树学]