近距离煤层卸压开采围岩力学特征试验研究  

Experimental Investigation into Mechanical Characteristics of Surrounding Rock in Close Distance Coal Seams with Relieving Mining

作　　者：窦礼同 杨科[1,2] 闫书缘[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学煤与瓦斯共采安徽省重点实验室,安徽淮南232001 [2]安徽理工大学煤矿安全高效开采省部共建教育部重点实验室,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《地下空间与工程学报》2014年第5期1177-1182,共6页Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51374011);中国博士后基金(2012M521211)

摘　　要：为获得近距离煤层卸压开采卸压层与被卸压层煤岩体变形、破坏特征和围岩支承压力分布规律,根据潘二煤矿7煤和6煤开采地质及工程条件,建立了7煤下行卸压开采和6煤上行卸压开采的相似材料试验模型。通过试验观测与数据分析,获得了单一煤层下行卸压开采(7煤)、上行卸压开采(6煤)覆岩运移、支承压力分布等围岩力学特征及多煤层(7煤和6煤)开采围岩力学特征的叠加演化效应。研究表明,被卸压层中的应力分布及变形特征与卸压层开采布置参数、层间距及岩层结构密切相关,而煤柱留设是影响卸压开采效果及被卸压层安全开采的关键因素,尤其是煤柱下应力集中区的巷道布置、围岩稳定性控制、煤岩动力灾害防治等是下行卸压开采的技术关键。According to geological conditions of the No. 7 and No. 6 coal seams in Pan ＇ er coal mine, the physi- cal models for downward relieving excavating and upstream relieving excavating were established by applying similar material simulation. And the characteristics of deformation, breaking, and abutment pressure development in surrounding rock when the single seam download Relieving mining （ No. 7 seam） and single seam upstream Relieving mining （No. 6 seam ） have been investigated with physical model simulation. Then, the superimposed evolution effect of mechanical characteristics of surrounding rock in mining muhi-seanls （ No. 7 seam and No. 6 seam） has been ob- tained also. Research results show that the pressure relief layer in the stress distribution and deformation characteris- tics are closely related to pressure relief seam layout parameters, spacing and rock structure , and the coal pillar is a key factor in pressure mining effect and be relief layer safety mining unloading effect Especially in stress concentration zones under retained coal pillar, it is of great concern and to implement safely excavate relieved coal seam, such as how to design roadways layout, control stability of surrounding rock, prevent and eliminate dynamical disaster etc.

关 键 词：近距离煤层群 卸压开采 采动应力演化 覆岩运移 模拟试验 

分 类 号：TD313[矿业工程—矿井建设]