春大豆高产栽培与数学模型研究  

Study on High yield Cultivation and Mathematical Model of Spring Soybean

作　　者：孙学映 朱体超 陈光蓉[2] 张莉 

机构地区：[1]重庆三峡农业科学院,重庆404155 [2]重庆三峡职业学院,重庆404155

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2014年第30期10483-10486,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：重庆市科委科技计划项目(cstc2012gg-yyjs0063)

摘　　要：[目的]探讨春大豆优化施肥方案.[方法]采用二次回归正交旋转组合设计试验,分析N、P2O5、K2O对大豆产量的影响效应,并建立产量优化模型,提出N、P、K肥的适宜取值区间.[结果]产量优化模型为Y（kg/hm^2）=3 671.36-107.58X1＋160.64X2＋ 144.90X3 -276.50X1^2-140.14X2^2-183.15X2^3-184.33X1X3,该模型对试验点的拟合程度较好.当N、P2O5、K2O施用量分别小于36.11、61.46和35.93 kg/hm^2时,大豆产量随施用量增加而逐渐提高,反之,产量逐渐降低.在大豆生产过程中,应适当增施N、P、K肥.由于N肥的负效应较大,须严格控制施用量.获得产量大于3 600 kg/hm^2的施肥方案为：纯N 25.78 ～ 40.88 kg/hm^2,P2O5 52.0 ～ 68.0 kg/hm^2,K2O 34.34 ～45.66 kg/hm^2.[结论]该研究可为建立春大豆高产栽培技术体系提供参考.[ Objective ] The aim was to discuss the optimized fertilization plan of spring soybean. [ Method ] The quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination test design test was conducted to analyze the effects of N, P2O5 , K2O on yield of soybean, and then establish the yield optimization model and sum up the suitable value range of N, P, and K. [ Result] The yield optimization model was Y（ kg/hm^2） = 3 671.36 - 107.58X1 ＋ 160. 64X2 ＋ 144. 90X3 - 276. 50X1^2 - 140. 14X2^2 - 183.15XZ3^2 - 184. 33X1X3, which fitting degree for test point was better. When the applying number of N, P2O5 and K2O were less than 36.11, 61.46, and 35.93 kg/hm^2 , resp. , soybean yield gradually increased with the increase of applying number, on the contrary, the yield gradually reduced. During soybean production, N, P and K fertilizer applying number should be increased appropriately. Due to the big negative effects of N fertilizer, the applying number must be strictly controlled. To get the yield of more than 3 600 kg/hm^2, the fertilization plan was as follows： pure N 25.78 -40.88 kg/hm^2, P205 52.0 -68.0 kg/hm^2, K2O 34.34 -45.66 kg/hm^2. [ Conclusion] The study provides a reference for establishing high yield cultivation system of spring soybean.

关 键 词：大豆 高产 栽培技术 数学模型 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]