天丰A高温复育特性及其杂交组合天优华占制种基地的选择  

Sterile transfer characters of Tianfeng A and site selection of its hybrid seed production:Tianyouhuazhan

作　　者：雷东阳[1] 解志坚[2] 唐文帮[1] 黄河清 陈立云[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学信息科学技术学院,湖南长沙410128 [3]北京金色农华科技有限公司江西分公司,江西南昌330036

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第5期458-462,共5页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31371714)

摘　　要：为解决杂交稻组合天优华占制种不安全问题,对天丰A高温复育特性及其杂交组合天优华占制种基地和时段选择进行研究。通过不同生态区分期播种试验,明确母本天丰A的育性特性;利用研制的杂交稻制种基地和时段气象决策系统,通过分析该组合制种"3个安全期"(育性敏感安全期、抽穗扬花安全期、收获成熟安全期)的风险概率,筛选最佳制种地点和时段。结果表明,天丰A高温复育临界温度为27.8℃;对全国740个气象站点50年历史气象资料进行分析后的结果表明,在不同地点和时段进行天优华占制种的安全性差异很大,在海南三亚等基地制种比较适宜。2013年在海南三亚制种基地进行天优华占制种,其单产达3 750 kg/hm2,证实了所筛选到的制种基地和时段是有效的。The fertility transfer character of Tianfeng A and seed production site selection were studied in order to solve the insecurity problem of seed production for Tianyouhuazhan, a hybrid seed combination. A new idea for determining appropriate region and period for seed production was proposed according to the climate data together with the demand of safe-period in seed production. A computer system was utilized to analysis the meteorological dam of 50 years in China. The result indicated that the critical temperature of sterility transfer for Tianfeng A was about 27.8 ~C. It showed the safe production of Tianyouhuazhan seed was different from location to location. According to historical meteorological data, the risk probability of three safe periods of Tianyouhuazhan seed production, e.g. Sanyan of Hainan province, et al, were selected as the suitable seed production for Tianyouhuazhan combination. Hence, the security of Tianyouhuazhan seed production could be guaranteed on the basis of scientific selection of sites and time for seed production. In 2013, we attempted to produce the seed of Tianyouhuazhan in Sanya, Hainan province via the computeraided selection system, the grain yield could reach 3 750 kg/hm2. The results suggested that the problem of low security for Tianyouhuazhan seed production could be solved by this method, and it could provide a useful technical support for the development of hybrid rice.

关 键 词：杂交水稻 天优华占 高温复育临界温度 制种基地 

分 类 号：S511.035.1[农业科学—作物学]