不同覆膜方式软荚豌豆的土壤水热效应及其对产量的影响  

Effect of different mulching methods on soil temperature,moisture and yield of sugarpod garden pea

作　　者：方玉珍[1] 张化生[2] 杨永岗[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省皋兰县农业技术服务中心,甘肃兰州730200 [2]甘肃省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2014年第5期123-126,191,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2007BAD52B01);兰州市科技发展计划项目(2010-1-37)

摘　　要：以软荚豌豆品种合欢为试验材料，研究不同覆膜方式的土壤水热效应及其对软荚豌豆产量的影响。结果表明，与不覆膜（CK）相比，全覆膜（FM）和半覆膜（HM）提高软荚豌豆生长前期0～25 cm土层平均地温分别为3．9℃和2．3℃；同时能抑制土壤水分蒸发，0～30 cm土壤含水量FM最高，HM次之；在FM和HM较好的水热条件下，出苗期分别较CK提前3～4 d和2 d，出苗率分别提高25．7％～26．4％和19．5％～20．9％，采收天数分别延长3～4 d和1～3 d；结荚数和单荚重显著增加，FM产量较CK提高18．5％，HM产量较CK提高12．0％。由于FM改善土壤水热状况，提早出苗，促进软荚豌豆前期生长并改善产量构成因子，因而表现较高产量，是适宜本试验区软荚豌豆种植的一种新的栽培方式。Using one sugarpod garden pea cultivar“Hehuan”as experimental material,effect of different mulching methods on soil temperature,moisture and yield of garden pea were studied .The results showed that whole field surface with plastic-film mulching （FM）and half field surface with plastic-film mulching （HM）increased average soil tempera-ture by 3 .9℃and 2 .3℃in 0~25 cm soil profile at early growth stage of edible-podded pea,as compared with the CK . Meanwhile,FM and HM increased soil water content in 0~30 cm soil layer than CK,and soil water content in FM was the highest .Under favourable soil temperature and moisture condition,FM and HM put the seedling stage ahead by 3~4 d and 2 d,increased germination by 25 .7%~26 .4%and 19 .5%~20 .9%,and set harvest day back by 3~4 d and 1~3 d,as compared with the CK .It is suggest that FM can improve soil temperature and moisture,promote emer-gence and early growth,optimize yield components,and significantly increase yield of garden pea .

关 键 词：软荚豌豆 覆膜方式 水热状况 产量 

分 类 号：S318[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]