青虾(Macrobrachium nipponense)幼虾趋光性初步研究  

Preliminary study on phototaxis of juvenile Macrobrachium nipponense

作　　者：马盛群[1] 李爱顺 周国勤 茆建强 

机构地区：[1]金陵科技学院,南京210038 [2]南京溧水区水产良种场,南京211200 [3]南京市水产科学研究所,南京210036

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2014年第5期27-31,共5页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：江苏省高校自然科学研究计划项目(10kjd240001);南京市科技发展计划项目(201201026)

摘　　要：以青虾(Macrobrachium nipponense)幼虾平均体长(13.55±1.96)mm为样本,研究了对7种单色光谱、全色光谱的趋光特性和性别间的差异。实验水簇箱设可更换滤光片的固定光源和捕获趋光幼虾网具,记录5 min内的趋光频率并捕获30 min时的趋光幼虾样本,检测所获样本体长与性别。实验结果表明:(1)410 nm和全色光谱组的幼虾趋光频率最高,555 nm组最低;(2)随光照时间延长幼虾趋光行为减弱,表现出光感疲劳现象;(3)450 nm组的捕获样本中,雌性数占80%,雌雄比4.0达到实验最大值,全色光组的雌性数仅占42.3%,雌雄比0.73为实验最小值;(4)610 nm组捕获样本平均体长最大,410 nm组的平均体长最小,表明发育早期幼虾对短波长敏感,而发育中期的幼虾则对长波长敏感。The phototactic behaviour and gender difference were studied when juvenile Macrobrachium nipponense was in response to seven kinds of monochromatic spectrums and panchromatic spectrum .Fixed illuminant with replaceable optical filter and shrimp capture net were assembled in aquarium tanks .The phototactic frequency of juvenile M.nipponense within 5 min was recorded and juvenile M.nipponense at 30 min under the given spectrum were captured to measure body length and identify sex.As the results showed, the highest phototactic frequency was detected under 410 nm monochromatic spectrum or panchromatic spectrum; while the lowest phototactic frequency was detected under 555 nm monochromatic spectrum.As the illumination time prolonged , the phototactic ability of juvenile M.nipponense decreased and photorecep-tive fatigue phenomenon was showed .In 450 nm group, 80% of the capturing juvenile M.nipponense were female which obtained the maximum female/male ratio.In panchromatic spectrum group , only 42.3% of juvenile M.nipponense were female, which got the minimum ratio of female and male （0.73）.In addition, the maximum mean body length was detec-ted in 610nm group and the minimum mean body length was found in 410 nm group, which indicated that juvenile M.nipponense was more sensitive to short wave in early developmental stage while more sensitive to long wave in middle de -velopmental stage .

关 键 词：青虾幼虾(Macrobrachium nipponense) 性别 光波长 趋光性 

分 类 号：S917.405[农业科学—水产科学]