利用时频域地震信号相位残点特征检测地层连续性  

Stratigraphic continuity detection with seismic timefrequency phase residues

作　　者：尹继尧[1] 刘明高[2] 赵建章 王小军[1] 王中凡 万璐 朱涛[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油新疆油田分公司勘探开发研究院,新疆克拉玛依834000 [2]中国石油新疆油田分公司,新疆克拉玛依834000 [3]东方地球物理公司研究院,河北涿州072751 [4]中国石油新疆油田分公司百口泉采油厂,新疆克拉玛依834000

出　　处：《石油地球物理勘探》2014年第4期745-750,6,共6页Oil Geophysical Prospecting

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2013M542414)资助

摘　　要：谱分解法是一种重要的频率域属性分析方法,地震信号经过频谱分解后可从特定频率中提取掩盖在宽频信号中反映地质异常信息的信号,从而提高常规地震资料的分辨率。现今常利用频谱分解后的振幅谱开展地层横向连续性检测、地层识别等,而忽略了相位谱的作用。本文主要利用复Morlet小波变换对信号进行频谱分解并计算相位谱的残点,再根据得到的相位残点属性进行地层不连续性检测。通过理论正演分析、实际地震资料的处理及多口井资料验证,表明相位残点属性对地层横向细微的连续性变化较敏感,可揭示一些在常规地震剖面中无法有效识别和刻画的重要地质特征。本文认为相位谱属性是一种适用于地层连续性检测的新技术。Spectral decomposition is a proven and powerful approach in frequency domain.It can identify strong amplitude anomalies at a specific frequency which are buried in the broadband response,and seismic data resolution is improved.Most people focus lateral stratigraphy detection and identification with spectral magnitude instead of phase components.We propose in the article an approach for stratigraphy detection with time-frequency phase residues.First we use Morlet complex wavelet transform for spectral decomposition,and calculate phase residues.Then we detect stratigraphic continuities with the phase residues.This approach is tested on synthetic and real data,and verified by logging data.The results show that phase residue attribute is sensitive to subtle stratigraphic continuities,and can reveal important stratigraphic features which cannot be identified in conventional seismic sections.

关 键 词：相位残点 地层连续性 谱分解 地震属性 相位谱 时频分析 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]