速生柳树苗对土壤铅的耐性、积累与分配特性研究  

Characteristics of Soil Lead Tolerance,Accumulation and Distribution in Salix babylonica Linn. and Salix jiangsuensis J172

作　　者：汪庆兵[1] 陈光才[1] 房娟[1,2] 楼崇[2] 张建锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林科院亚热带林业研究所,富阳311400 [2]南京林业大学,南京210037

出　　处：《植物研究》2014年第5期626-633,共8页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项项目(201104055);中央级公益性科研院所基金重点项目(RISF2013001);浙江省重点科技创新团队项目(2011R50027-1)

摘　　要：耐性植物为环境污染植物修复提供了一条良好的途径。通过盆栽试验研究了垂柳(Salix babylonica Linn.)和苏柳172(Salix jiangsuensis J172)扦插苗对人工添加土壤铅污染的耐性及其对铅的积累和分配。结果发现:柳树生物量与土壤有效铅含量呈显著负相关关系,中低浓度的铅污染对两种柳树的根系生物量影响不大,Pb2+浓度为1600 mg·kg-1时显著降低垂柳根系生物量,苏柳172在Pb2+浓度为1 200和1 600 mg·kg-1时根系生物量极显著降低,说明垂柳对高浓度的Pb2+耐性要好于苏柳172;垂柳和苏柳172根系长度、根表面积、根体积和根直径随着土壤铅浓度的增加持续下降,在Pb2+浓度为1600 mg·kg-1时,垂柳根系长度、根表面积、根体积和根直径分别比对照下降了50.40%、45.15%、44.44%、9.10%,苏柳172分别下降了45.00%、45.88%、47.02%、37.14%。柳树吸收的铅绝大部分积累在根部,迁移到茎部和叶部的数量较少,铅在2种柳树体内不同部位的积累量均为根>茎>叶。当Pb2+浓度为800 mg·kg-1时,垂柳和苏柳172的耐性指数为91.15%和84.26%,其对土壤中铅的吸收量达140.20和149.49 mg,表明两种柳树对中等土壤铅污染的修复具有较大潜力。Patience plants provide a good way for phytoremediation of environmental pollution. In this paper,two willow species,Salix babylonica Linn. and S. jiangsuensis J172 were selected to test the lead tolerance,lead accumulation and distribution in plants through pot experiments with different soil Pb concentrations. The results showed that a significantly negative correlation relationship existed between S. babylonica and soil available lead,the biomass of root for Salix insignificantly decreased under low concentrations of Pb2 ＋at a variation of0- 1 200 mg· kg- 1and 0- 800 mg · kg- 1for S. babylonica Linn. and S. jiangsuensis J172,respectively,which suggested that S. babylonica Linn. had a better tolerance than S. jiangsuensis J172 under Pb2 ＋stress. The root length,root surface area,root volume and root diameter of both willow species decreased with the increase of soil Pb2 ＋concentration. At Pb2 ＋concentration of 1 600 mg·kg- 1,the root length,root surface area,root volume and root diameter of S. babylonica Linn. and S. jiangsuensis J172 decreased by 50. 40%,45. 15%,44. 44%,9. 10%,and 45. 00%,45. 88%,47. 02%,37. 14%,respectively,as compared with the control.Both willow species accumulated more lead in roots than that in stems and leaves,the order of lead accumulation in different organs of two kinds of willows are root stem leaf. At Pb2 ＋concentration of 800 mg·kg- 1,the tolerance indices of S. babylonica Linn. and S. jiangsuensis J172 were 91. 15% and 84. 26%,the uptake of lead from the soil in them reached 140. 20 and 149. 49 mg,respectively. These results indicated that these two willow species has greater potential for restoration of medium soil lead contamination.

关 键 词：速生柳树 土壤铅污染 积累与分配 植物修复 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]