厌氧氨氧化细菌物种组成对环境因子响应的研究进展  

Progress in Study on Response of Anammox Bacterial Species Composition to Environmental Factors

作　　者：富冰冰 刘吉文[1] 高铭鸿[1] 张晓华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《海洋科学进展》2014年第3期427-434,共8页Advances in Marine Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目--南太平洋环流区洋底沉积物及海水的微生物群落演化及功能活性研究(41276141)

摘　　要：分析海洋水体及沉积物中厌氧氨氧化细菌所处的环境条件,比较海洋与淡水环境中其物种组成的差异,总结了其物种组成、丰度及厌氧氨氧化活性对环境因子的响应规律。认为厌氧氨氧化细菌物种组成受多种环境因子的影响。其中,盐度为影响其物种组成的最显著因素,如Candidatus Brocadia,Candidatus Kuenenia及Candidatus Scalindua分别适应淡水、寡盐和海水环境;同一地区,其物种组成在不同季节表现出明显差异,夏季的多样性高于冬季的;根据陆源厌氧氨氧化细菌多样性及海洋沉积物中浮霉菌门多样性随深度增加而减小的趋势,推断海洋沉积物中厌氧氨氧化细菌多样性与深度成反比。厌氧氨氧化细菌丰度、厌氧氨氧化活性与温度、NO-2及NO-3浓度之间成正相关;丰度与季节的关系,在不同地区的研究结果存在差异。未来厌氧氨氧化细菌研究工作重点应在其对氧浓度的耐受范围、海洋中厌氧氨氧化细菌多样性随深度的变化规律、导致其物种组成、丰度及厌氧氨氧化活性季节性差异的具体环境因子。The responsive regularity of anammox bacterial species composition,abundance and anammox activity to environmental factors was summarized by analyzing the environmental conditions where anammox bacteria exist and comparing the difference of anammox bacterial species composition in seawater and freshwater environments.It was considered that anammox bacterial species composition was influenced by various environmental factors.Thereinto,salinity was the most significant environmental factor contributed to the species composition of anammox bacteria.For example,Candidatus Brocadia,Candidatus Kuenenia and Candidatus Scalindua adapt to freshwater,oligohaline and seawater environments,respectively.Anammox bacterial species composition of the same area shows an obvious difference with seasonal variation,and the community of anammox bacteria in summer has higher diversity than in winter.It is deduced that anammox bacterial diversity was negatively correlated with the depth in marine sediments,based on the downward trends of anammox and Planctomycetes bacterial diversities observed in soil and marine sediments,respectively.The abundance and anammox activity of anammox bacteria have positive correlations with temperature,NO2-and NO3-.The correlation between anammox bacterial abundance and seasons exhibited different results in different study areas.The emphasis of future research work on anammox bacteria should be the tolerance range of anammox bacteria to oxygen concentrations; the correlation between anammox bacterial diversity and depth in marine sediments; the specific environmental factors leading to the difference of anammox bacterial species composition,abundance and anammox activity with seasonal variations.

关 键 词：厌氧氨氧化细菌 物种组成 丰度 厌氧氨氧化活性 环境适应性 

分 类 号：Q938.1[生物学—微生物学]