黑土区不同林龄落叶松人工林土壤磷的吸附与解吸特性  

Soil phosphorus sorption and desorption characteristics of larch plantations at different ages in black soil region

作　　者：杨小燕[1] 杨淼焱 王恩姮[1] 夏祥友[1] 陈祥伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2014年第5期39-43,共5页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41271293);大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201310225002)

摘　　要：以典型黑土区林龄分别为21、30、40和52年生的落叶松人工林以及未经开垦干扰黑土表层（0-10 cm）土壤为研究对象,通过土壤磷的最大吸附量（Qm）、最大缓冲容量（MBC）及解吸率等指标的测定与分析,研究了不同林龄落叶松人工林土壤磷的吸附--解吸特性。结果表明：落叶松人工林土壤吸附磷量和磷的吸附率均高于未经开垦黑土,土壤Qm的变化范围为692.24-759.41 mg/kg;Qm、吸附强度因子（K）和MBC随林龄的增加均表现为先增后降的变化趋势,30年生林地达到最大值,与其他3种林地的差异达显著。土壤解吸磷量和磷的解吸率则随林龄的增加呈先降后增的趋势,并以30年生林分最小、52年生林分最大。30年生落叶松人工林土壤表现出较强的固磷的能力,52年生的林地供磷能力最强,已恢复到未经开垦黑土水平。Phosphorus （P） adsorption and desorption characteristics of surface soil （0 - 10 cm） from 21-, 30-, 40- and 52-year-old larch plantations and undisturbed secondary forest were studied by analyzing their maximum adsorption amount （Qm）, maximum buffer capacity （MBC） and desorption rate, and other related soil properties in typical black soil region. Results showed that the extent and rate of P adsorption of larch plantations＇ soils were all higher than that of undisturbed secondary forest soil. Soil phosphorus Qm of larch plantations with different ages varied from 692.24 to 759.41 mg/kg. Soil phosphorus Qm, adsorption intensity factor （K） and MBC of different larch plantations increased and then decreased with increasing stand age, and the values described above for 30-year-old were significantly the highest among four forests. The amount and rate of soil phosphorus desorption reduced firstly to the minimum at 30-year- old and then increased with increasing stand age to the maximum at 52-year-old larch plantation. Soil of larch plantation at 30-year-old had a strong phosphorus-fixation capacity; and 52-year-old larch plantation released easily phosphorus to soil, with the sorption and desorption capacity approaching to the levels of undisturbed black soil.

关 键 词：黑土 落叶松人工林 磷 吸附 解吸 

分 类 号：S714.5[农业科学—林学]