蓄水坑灌与地面灌条件下果树吸水根系分布的对比研究  

Comparative Research on Fruit Tree Water-uptake Root Distribution under the Condition of Water Storage Pit irrigation and Surface Irrigation

作　　者：郝锋珍 孙西欢[1] 郭向红[1] 马娟娟[1] 崔世勇[1] 仇群伊 

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,山西太原030024

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2014年第9期5-8,共4页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51109154;51249002);教育部博士点基金项目(20111402120006);山西省青年科技研究基金资助项目(2012021026-2);山西省科技攻关项目(20110311018-1);山西省高等学校创新人才支持计划资助

摘　　要：蓄水坑灌是适用于北方山丘的一种新型节水灌溉方式,为了研究节水灌溉机理并提高水分利用效率,必先了解吸水根系的分布状况。采用根钻法对蓄水坑灌和普通地面灌条件下的苹果树吸水根系的分布特性进行对比研究,结果表明：1在垂向上果树根长密度随着深度的增加呈现出先增加后减少的趋势,主要分布在0-100cm范围内,占总根系的78.16%。在径向上,果树根系主要分布在距树干30cm处,达到根系总量的60.49%,距树干越远,果树的根长密度越小;2蓄水坑灌条件下,果树根长密度在垂向上与地面灌溉的分布规律相近,但是在地下60cm处根长密度明显增加,根系有下移的趋势。水平方向上,根系密度主要分布在30-60cm范围内。Water storage pit irrigation is a new type water-saving irrigation method for the northern hills area, In order to study the mechanism of water-saving irrigation and improve the water use efficiency, the distribution of fine root must be researched first. In this study, the comparative research on fruit tree water-uptake root distribution under the condition of water storage pit irrigation and surface irrigation is conducted by using auger method. （1）The results show that the vertical root length density increases and then reduces with the increase of depth, and the fruit roots are mainly distributed within 0-100 cm, accounting for 78. 16% of the total root system; while the radial roots are mainly distributed in the area of 30 cm away from the trunk, reached 60. 49% of the total root, and the farther away from the trunk, the smaller is the fruit trees root length density; （2） Under the condition of water storage pit irrigation, the vertical distribution law of the fruit trees root is similar to that under surface irrigation, but the root length density in the 60 cm depth significantly increases and the root system has the moving down tendency. In the horizontal direction, the root density is mainly distributed in the range of 30 to 60 cm.

关 键 词：蓄水坑灌 吸水根系 根长密度 

分 类 号：S275.9[农业科学—农业水土工程]