1971-2011年福建省烤烟移栽期低温气候变化特征  

Climate change characteristics of low temperature in the flue-cured tobacco transplant period in Fujian during between 1971 and 2011

作　　者：马治国[1] 张春桂[1] 李文勇 陈惠[1] 徐宗焕[1] 陈家金[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省气象科学研究所 [2]福建省气象服务中心,福建福州350001

出　　处：《亚热带农业研究》2014年第3期187-193,共7页Subtropical Agriculture Research

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目(2006BAD04B03);农业成果转化项目(2012GB24160607);福建省科技厅农业科技重点项目(2009N0030);福建省气象局青年科技专项(q201206);福建省科技计划重点项目(2014Y0004)

摘　　要：根据烤烟受害的临界温度指标(13℃),统计了福建省烤烟移栽期2月下旬,3月上旬、中旬3个时间段的负积温和低温日数,并分析了其气候变化特征。结果表明,1971-2011年,福建省烤烟区烤烟移栽期负积温变化趋势与3月上旬几乎一致,呈升—降—升—降的双峰变化规律,2月下旬呈单谷变化趋势,3月下旬以震荡为主,呈现略微升高的趋势;移栽期低温日数呈单峰趋势但后期有所回升,2月下旬呈单峰变化趋势,3月上旬呈双谷变化趋势,3月中旬未见明显变化但略有降低。<13℃旬负积温和旬低温日数在2月下旬、3月上旬及整个移栽期均表现出对称性。The early warning and assessment of low temperature cold damage of the flue-cured tobacco is the important technical support to develop characteristic agriculture meteorological service,and the low temperature climate change analysis of the flue-cured tobacco transplant period can provide important reference for business. According to the low temperature index limit 13 ℃ of the flue-cured tobacco suffering,two meteorological variables for the low temperature evaluation of transplanting period were determined as follows： negative accumulated temperature and cold days,and three periods were formed respectively,late February,early and middle March,and the characteristics of climate change in the periods were elaborated. The results showed that in recent forty years,in the flue-cured tobacco area of Fujian Province,the negative accumulated temperature of the flue-cured tobacco transplant period and early March had the almost unanimously change trend,showing a bimodal change rule of rise-drop-rise-drop,in late February it was a single-valley change trend,in late March it appeared slightly rising trend. The cold days most was an unimodal trend but had picks-up in later,in late February it is an unimodal change trend,in early March a double-valley change trend,in the middle March it did not changed significantly but slightly lower. The two variables of 13 ℃ negative accumulated temperature and cold days have respectively shown symmetry in late February,early March and throughout the whole of transplanting stage.

关 键 词：福建烤烟 低温 负积温 低温日数 气候特征 

分 类 号：S163[农业科学—农业气象学]