应用辐射不育技术防治杨树虫害桑天牛  

Control of Apriona germari by Radiation Sterility Technology

作　　者：唐燕平[1] 方国飞[2] 苏远达[1] 丁玉洲[1] 张铁[1] 谢菲[1] 王同生[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学,合肥230036 [2]国家林业局森林病虫害防治总站,沈阳110034

出　　处：《林业科学》2014年第9期180-183,共4页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：合肥市科技局重点项目"杨树害虫无公害综合控制技术研究"[合科(2007)15号]

摘　　要：杨树（ Populus）具有速生、丰产、繁殖容易等特点，已经成为世界上分布最广、适应性最强的树种。我国处于世界杨树的中心分布区，杨树遍及全国，栽植面积居世界之首，发展杨树产业是当前我国林业建设的重要方面，而以天牛为主的蛀干害虫常年严重发生，对我国林业建设及自然景观造成严重危害。在我国长江流域危害性最大的为桑天牛（ Apriona germari）。据在安徽合肥地区杨树林中的调查，桑天牛的个体数量占所调查的4种天牛，即：桑天牛、光肩星天牛（ Anoplophora glabripennis）、星天牛（ An． chinesis）、云斑天牛（ Batocera horsfieldi ）总数的96.3%（刘小林等，2010）。桑天牛以幼虫钻蛀杨树枝、干韧皮部和木质部，轻则造成树势衰弱，重则导致整株甚至成片枯死（萧刚柔，1992；李孟楼，2010）。The effects of 60 Co γ-ray irradiation on male sterility of indoor-reared Apriona germari were studied. The results showed that the male adults of A. germari irradiated with 60 Co γ-ray of 100,150,200,and 250 Gy maintained the normal levels of feeding,excretion and mating. The male adults successfully mated the female adults without irradiation, and the mated females were able to cut grooves and oviposit normally. Additionally,the longevity of the irradiated male adults were not affected except for that with the highest dosage of 250 Gy that decreased obviously the insect longevity. The mated female adults with the mail adults irradiated with 60 Co γ-ray of 150,200,250 Gy had the normal eggs,but the eggs failed to hatch. Thus,the dosages of 150,200,250 Gy were considered to be sterile irradiation of A. germari. In addition,the 100 Gy irradiated males also largely reduced the larvas hatching rate to only 0. 76%,showing that this dosage could be considered sub-sterile irradiation of A. germari. In terms of the cost and effect,the dosage of 150 Gy was recommended for practical usage.

关 键 词：桑天牛 60 Coγ射线 辐照 雄性不育 

分 类 号：S763.306.6[农业科学—森林保护学]