老年住院患者跌倒风险评估量表的构建及验证  

Development and validation of the elderly inpatient fall risk assessment tool

作　　者：黄惠根[1] 刘智利[2] 魏丽君[1] 李华[1] 林建华[3] 谢瑞浓[4] 黄巧[5] 

机构地区：[1]广东省人民医院护理部,广东广州510120 [2]汕头大学医学院护理学系 [3]广东省人民医院神经内科,广东广州510120 [4]广东省人民医院呼吸内科,广东广州510120 [5]广东省人民医院东综合二区,广东广州510120

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2014年第19期30-34,共5页

摘　　要：目的构建老年住院患者跌倒风险评估量表并进行测评验证,考察其应用价值。方法采用专家问卷咨询、专家座谈会及病例(246例65岁以上老年住院患者)对照研究相结合的方式构建老年住院患者跌倒评估量表,运用SPSS20.0软件对量表进行信、效度检验,并与Morse跌倒评估量表比较预测准确性。结果老年住院患者跌倒风险评估量表共纳入14个大条目35个赋值子条目;内容效度(CVI)为0.916;量表总体Cronbach′sα系数为0.757;测量者间客观信度0.894;量表的ROC曲线下面积为0.980,Morse跌倒评估量表为0.927;老年住院患者跌倒风险评估量表总分21分、41分及60分时特异度分别为0.38、0.71及0.96;Morse跌倒评估量表总分25分、45分及80分时特异度分别为0.27、0.50及0.82。结论本次构建的老年住院患者跌倒风险评估量表有较好的信效度,对老年住院患者跌倒风险预测准确性好,可应用于临床。Objective To develop and validate a risk assessment tool to predict which elderly inpatients will fall. Methods The elderly inpatient fall risk assessment tool was developed through expert consultation, expert panel discussion, and a case-control study which enrolled 246 patients aged greater than 65 years. Then the SPSS20.0 was used to calculate the reliability and validity, and the predictive accuracy was compared with the Morse Fall Scale （MFS）. Results The elderly inpatient fall risk assessment tool contained 14 items and 35 scoring subitems. The content validity index was 0. 916; the total Cronbach Alpha was 0. 7573 and the inter-rater reliability was 0. 894. The area under the curve of ROC （AUC） was 0. 980, while the AUC of the MFS was 0. 927. The specificity was 0.38 for the total score being 21 points, 0.71 for the total score being 41 points, and 0.96 for the total score being 60 points respectively when the total MFS score was 25,45 and 80 points, the specificity of the MFS was 0.27,0.50 and 0.82 respectively. Conclusion The elderly inpatient fall risk assessment tool can be used in clinical practice for its acceptable reliability, validity, and predictive accuracy.

关 键 词：老年人 住院患者 跌倒 危险因素 跌倒风险 评估量表 

分 类 号：R471[医药卫生—护理学]