3种腐熟剂促进玉米秸秆快速腐解特征  

Characteristics of Three Decomposer Accelerators on Maize Straw Decomposition

作　　者：匡恩俊[1] 迟凤琴[1] 宿庆瑞[1] 张久明[1] 高中超[1] 朱宝国[2] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料与环境资源研究所,黑龙江省土壤环境与植物营养重点实验室,黑龙江省肥料工程技术研究中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯分院,黑龙江佳木斯154007

出　　处：《农业资源与环境学报》2014年第5期432-436,共5页Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAD05B01);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303126);国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD07B01-02);哈尔滨市科技创新人才研究专项资金资助项目(2012RFXYN020)

摘　　要：为筛选出适宜东北寒冷区快速腐解秸秆的腐熟剂,通过网袋腐解试验明确施入3种秸秆腐熟剂对玉米秸秆生物量及养分释放的影响。结果显示：经过100 d的腐解,玉米秸秆生物量失重率随着时间的延长逐渐增加,玉米秸秆失重率为57.1%-64.1%,其中以施用3号秸秆腐熟剂的玉米秸秆生物量失重率最高,为64.1%。施入不同秸秆腐熟剂后玉米秸秆氮、磷、钾释放率分别为35.1%-57.2%、44.2%-59.6%、77.4%-89.7%,其中以3号腐熟剂的秸秆磷、钾素释放率最高。各处理有机碳矿化率呈相同的趋势,均随时间的延长逐渐增加,取样末期有机碳矿化率在65.3%-69.1%之间,且各处理间差异不明显。综上,以3号秸秆腐熟剂腐解秸秆的效果最好。In order to make sure the effect of straw decomposer accelerators on the maize straws in Northeast of China, mesh bag method was used to determine the decomposition characteristics of maize straw biomass amount and nutrition release regularity in one year. The results showed that after 100 days, decomposition rates of maize straws biomass amount were between 57.1%-64.1%. The highest decomposition rate of 64.1% was the treatment with the 3rd decomposer accelerator. The nutrition release rates of N, P and K were 35.1%-57.2%, 44.2%-59.6%,and 77.4%-89.7% at the end of period, respectively. And the 3rd decomposer accelerator treatment had a better effect on the release rate of P and K. All treatments had the same trend of organic C mineralization rate which increased with the time extending, at last the organic C mineralization rate was between 65.3% and 69.1%. The results showed the 3rd decomposition accelerator had better effect than others.

关 键 词：玉米 秸秆还田 腐熟剂 养分释放 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]