带茎烘烤对宁乡烟区烤烟上部叶产量和质量的影响  

Effects of curing with stalk on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco upper leaves in Ningxiang district

作　　者：黄浩[1,2] 周冀衡[1] 王卫民[3] 张万良 翟争光 刘晓颖[1] 范幸龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学烟草研究院,长沙410128 [2]江苏中烟工业有限责任公司南京卷烟厂,南京210019 [3]浙江中烟工业有限责任公司,杭州310009 [4]长沙市烟草公司宁乡分公司,湖南宁乡410600

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2014年第8期1457-1460,共4页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：湖南省烟草公司科技项目(2011026)

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同留叶数带茎烘烤对烤烟上部烟叶产量和质量的影响,为提高宁乡烟区烤烟烟叶质量提供参考依据。【方法】以云烟97为材料,对比分析传统烘烤及上部烟叶4片、5片、6片叶一次性带茎采收烘烤4个处理对烤后上部烟叶外观质量、经济性状及内在化学成分的影响。【结果】带茎烘烤烤后上部烟叶的外观质量优于传统烘烤,其成熟度高、油分足、色度强、颜色饱满、身份适中、叶片结构疏松、青杂烟少;经济性状方面,带茎烘烤上部烟叶的产量、均价、产值、黄烟率和中上等烟比例均较高;内在化学成分方面,带茎烘烤上部烟叶的总氮、烟碱、总糖、还原糖、淀粉和氯含量均低于传统烘烤,钾含量略高,糖碱比、钾氯比和氮碱比均接近优质烟叶的最佳比值;上部烟叶6片叶带茎烘烤较4片、5片叶带茎烘烤的外观质量更优、经济效益更好、内在化学成分协调性更佳。【结论】带茎烘烤有利于提高宁乡烟区烤烟上部烟叶的产量和质量,且以6片叶带茎烘烤的效果最佳。【Objective】The effects of different apparent leaf number and curing with stalk on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco upper leaves were studied to provide references for improving tobacco quality in Ningxiang.【Method】Four treatments with the apparent leaf number of 4, 5 and 6 for curing with stalk were designed. The effects of two different curing ways on appearance quality,economic characters and inner chemical components of fluecured tobacco were studied. 【Result】The visual quality of tobacco leaves cured with stalk was superior. They had strong color, high maturity levels, ample oil content, moderate thickness, and a loose leaf structure. In terms of economic traits,tobacco cured with stalk had a high proportion of high quality leaves,high output value and yield and good average price.There were almost no green mixed leaves. In terms of the internal chemical composition, tobacco cured with stalk had lower total nitrogen, nicotine, total sugar, reducing sugar, and starch content in comparison to traditionally baked tobacco,however its potassium content was high. Its sugar to nicotine, potassium to chloride, and nitrogen bases ratios were all close to the optimal ratio in high grade tobacco. Compared to 4 or 5 blades, tobacco cured with stalk and 6 blades showed better visual quality, economic benefits and inner chemical components. 【Conclusion】Compared with the traditional curing way, flue-curing with stalk is better for improving tobacco quality in Ningxiang and tobacco cured with stalk and 6 blades is the best method.

关 键 词：烤烟 带茎烘烤 上部叶 产量 质量 湖南宁乡 

分 类 号：TS441[农业科学—烟草工业]