水分和添加剂对苜蓿青贮效果的影响  

Effects of moisture and additives on alfalfa silage

作　　者：武慧娟[1] 史静[1] 张丽珍[1] 陈本建[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/甘肃省草业工程实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2014年第4期78-83,共6页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：细毛羊饲料生产预加工项目(034-036213)资助

摘　　要：为研究苜蓿的水分、添加剂对苜蓿青贮发酵品质的影响,通过对头茬苜蓿设置3个水分梯度,并添加4个水平的甲酸、丙酸、双乙酸钠,装入聚乙烯袋抽真空,发酵45d后进行营养分析和品质鉴定。结果表明:适宜苜蓿青贮的水分条件为55%,这一水分条件下苜蓿青贮料的pH、氨态氮、粗纤维最低,可溶性糖、乳酸最高;而3种添加剂对青贮料的影响具体表现为:与对照组相比,能够显著降低苜蓿青贮料的pH和氨态氮含量(P<0.05),并且能够很好地保存青贮料中的可溶性糖,通过对灰色关联度分析,甲酸对苜蓿青贮的影响效果最佳,丙酸次之;且55%的水分条件下添加15mL/kg的甲酸,青贮效果为最好。The effects of moisture and additives （formic acid,propionic acid and sodium diacetate）on fer-mentation quality of alfalfa silage were studied by testing the nutrients contents and silage quality after 45 days storage in polyethylene bags with the 3 gradients of moisture and 4 levels of additives for first harvest of alfalfa. The results showed that the optimum moisture for alfalfa silage was 55%,and the pH value,contents of ammo-nia nitrogen and crude fiber were the lowest,the contents of soluble sugar and lactic acid were the highest under such moisture condition.3 additives could significantly reduce the pH value and ammonia nitrogen content （P〈0.05）and preserve the soluble sugar in silage compared with the control group.It was indicated that the effect of formic acid was the best,and propionic acid was the second through the grey correlation degree analysis.In total,the optimal conditions for alfalfa silage were 55% moisture and 15 mL/kg formic acid.

关 键 词：水分 添加剂 苜蓿 青贮 

分 类 号：S541[农业科学—作物学]