依托信息化进行医院感染现患率调查  

Survey on prevalence rate of healthcare-associated infections in hospitalized patients relying on informatization

作　　者：牟霞[1] 徐艳[1] 张骥[1] 王翀[1] 刘玮[1] 陈京[1] 杨怀[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州省人民医院医院感染管理科,贵州贵阳550002

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第19期4887-4889,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：贵州省科技基金资助项目(黔科合SY[2011]026);贵州省卫生厅基金资助项目(GZWKJ2011-1-006)

摘　　要：目的了解医院感染的分布状况及其特点,提高医院感染管理质量,为医院感染的预防与控制提供科学依据。方法依据原卫生部《医院感染诊断标准》,利用信息化手段,通过医院感染实时监控软件逐床查阅预警病例,进行医院感染现患率调查,数据应用SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析。结果应监测患者2 186例,实际监测2 186例,实查率为100.00%;发生医院感染患者86例、122例次,医院感染现患率为3.93%、例次感染率为5.58%;ICU、血液科、神经外科医院感染率最高,分别为47.62%、26.67%、17.65%,医院感染部位分布以下呼吸道为主,占46.72%;抗菌药物使用率为50.24%,抗菌药物使用者病原学送检率为40.38%;限制类抗菌药物使用率22.22%,送检率43.48%;特殊类抗菌药物使用率3.38%,送检率57.14%;引起医院感染的前3位病原菌均为革兰阴性菌,分别为肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍氏不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌,分别占20.45%、18.20%、13.93%;医院感染现患率调查时间仅用12h。结论依托信息化手段进行医院感染现患率调查,显著提高医院感染管理效率,应给予医院感染管理信息化建设足够的重视,使医院感染管理更加完善。OBJECTIVE To understand the basic distribution of healthcare-associated infections and its characteristics,improve the quality of management of healthcare-associated infections and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of the healthcare associated infections.METHODS The healthcare associated infections were diagnosed according to the criteria for diagnosis of nosocomial infections issued by the Minister of Health.Surveys were made by means of information system of hospital-associated infection management.Through the software for real-time monitoring of healthcare-associated infections,the patients of early warning were found out by bed.The data were analyzed by SPSS13.0software.RESULTS The expected number of the survey was 2186,and the actual number of the surveys was 2186.Actually 100% of the selected patients took part in the investigation.The number of healthcare-associated infections was 86 patients with prevalence rate of 3.93%,and122 cases with prevalence rate of 5.58%.The top highest healthcare-associated infection rates were 47.62%,26.67% and 17.65% in ICU,hematology department and neurosurgery department respectively.The main infection site of healthcare-associated infection was lower respiratory tract accounting for 46.72%.The usage rate of antibiotics was 50.24%and the pathogenic detection rate of antibiotics users was 40.38%.The usage rate of restricted antibiotics was 22.22% with detection rate of 43.48%.The usage rate of special antibiotics was 3.38%with detection rate of 57.14%.The top three pathogens causing health-associated infection were gram negative bacteria including Klebsiella pneumonia,Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa accounting for20.45%,18.20% and 13.93% respectively.It costed merely 12 hours to investigate the prevalence rate.CONCLUSIONPrevalence rate survey of healthcare-associated infection by means of informatization can significantly improve the efficiency of healthcare-associated infection management.In order to promote the development of healthcar

关 键 词：医院感染 专业设置 现患率调查 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]