医院实验室结核病检测能力与生物安全现状调查及影响因素分析  

Status quo and influence factors analysis of tuberculosis detection capability and biological security of hospital laboratories

作　　者：王燕[1] 李学政[1] 于春宝[1] 邓云峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省胸科医院汉光国际感染性疾病研究中心,山东济南250013

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第19期4895-4897,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：山东省科技发展计划基金项目(2012G0030037)

摘　　要：目的了解医院结核病检测实验室现状,为进一步提高结核病检测实验室的服务质量提供依据。方法 2011年通过统一下发调查表的形式,对医院实验室基础设施、人员配置及结核病检测项目进行横断面调查,采用Excel表格整理数据,应用SPSS18.0软件进行分析,计数资料采用χ2检验。结果共调查了267所医院实验室,占全省已注册二级以上医院的60.0%,开展结核病检测的医院有213所,占79.8%;其中25所属于防治所,占11.7%;所有调查的实验室中,符合生物安全二级防护要求的实验室有189个,占70.8%;符合生物安全二级要求的实验室在不同级别医院中,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.0,P<0.05);符合生物安全二级要求的实验室在二级以上医院和防治所间,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);结核病检测实验室的人员配置在各级医院及防治所间差异均无统计学意义,113个实验室的技术人员接受过上级部门的培训,培训率为53.1%,其中有专职人员的实验室有63个占44.9%,兼职人员的实验室有50个占43.1%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);二级与三级医院、防治所的室内质量控制,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论医疗机构结核病检测实验室在生物安全建设、技术人员、检测能力和质量保证方面存在不同差距,有待进一步提高和完善。OBJECTIVE To learn the status quo of tuberculosis（TB）detection of hospital laboratories in Shandong province,in order to give advice on the improvement of TB laboratory.METHODS With the method of questionnaire,data of hospital laboratories were collected in 2011 concerning infrastructure,technical personnel and TB detection items,and processed with SPSS18.0andχ^2 test.RESULTS Data from 267hospitals（60.0% of all the registered second-leve-or-above hospitals in Shandong Province）showed that,213laboratories（79.8%）carried out routine TB testing,and 25 laboratories was dispensaries（11.7%）;in all the participant laboratories,189（70.8%）lived up to the Biosafety Level-2requirement while some of them were not in accordance with their hospital level（statistically significant,χ^2=4.0,P〈0.05）,and the number of those above their hospital level was significant（P〈0.05）;there was no significant statistical difference concerning laboratory personnel;technical personnel of 113laboratories（53.1%）once received training from better institutions;there were 63laboratories（44.9%）with full-time personnel and 50（43.1%）with part-time personnel,which was significant（P〈0.05）;difference existed referring to the quality control between second,third level hospital and dispensaries（P〈0.05）.CONCLUSIONDisparity exists in biological safety,technical personnel,detection capability and quality assurance in TB laboratories,thus further improvement is needed.

关 键 词：结核分枝杆菌 实验室 生物安全 调查 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]