不同营养干预法对行胃转流术2型糖尿病患者营养知信行的影响和疗效观察  

Effects of different nutrition intervention on alimentary tract reconstruction in knowledge and practice nutrition and efficacies of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

作　　者：王自勤[1] 刘艳荣[1] 王霞[2] 刘红斌[3] 陈永春[4] 

机构地区：[1]武警河南总队医院营养科,郑州450000 [2]武警河南总队医院理疗科,郑州450000 [3]武警河南总队医院内分泌科,郑州450000 [4]河南省人民医院营养科

出　　处：《中华全科医师杂志》2014年第10期856-858,共3页Chinese Journal of General Practitioners

摘　　要：2009年10月至2011年3月在我院行胃转流术治疗的206例2型糖尿病患者,手术前行标准糖尿病膳食（156例,标准膳食组）与自主择食（50例,对照组）,住院期间均①接受常规糖尿病营养宣教;②标准膳食组接受膳食实物法教育：以自深的标准膳食为参照,对比并掌握手术前后个体化食谱和摄食技巧;对照组依据宣教指导自行安排膳食.出院6个月后门诊随访进行糖尿病营养的知、信、行问卷调查：标准膳食组的认知平均总得分为（93.4±7.5）分、膳食治疗知识分为（13.8±1.6）分、态度分为（9.6±1.9）分、行为分为（32.2±3.9）分,和对照组相比差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）.标准膳食组术后血糖异常和胃肠道梗阻等并发症发生率与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（均P ＜0.05）.提示,膳食实物法联合常规糖尿病营养宣教能提高行胃转流术的2型糖尿病患者营养知、信、行的水平,有助于控制术后并发症的发生.A total of 206 patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） were assigned into the trial group （n =156） and the control group （n =50） according to whether real object-based diabetic diet was provided.Traditional nutritional education for both groups during hospitalization.The patients in the trial group received a real object-based diabetic diet guided by a nutritionist who adjusted feeding regimens and skills before and after operation.The control group had a free access to a normal diet.The patient understanding of knowledge,attitude and practice （KAP） was examined by nutrition surveys.And their postoperative nutrition states and complications were assessed by questionnaires during a 6-month follow-up.The total average score of cognitive divided was 93.4 ± 7.5,the average score of diet therapy knowledge 13.8 ± 1.6 and the average scores of attitude and practice 9.6 ± 1.9 and 32.2 ±3.9.Significant differences existed between two groups （P 〈 0.05）.The incidence rates of hypoglycemia,hyperglycemia and gastrointestinal obstruction were lower than the control group （P 〈 0.05,P 〈 0.01）.It suggested that real object-based diabetic diet guidance plus traditional nutrition education could improve the KAP level and may lower the incidence of postoperative complications in T2DM patients with gastric bypass.

关 键 词：膳食疗法 糖尿病 2型 

分 类 号：R459.3[医药卫生—治疗学] R656.61[医药卫生—临床医学]