猪MC4R基因G892A位点对生长和繁殖性能的遗传效应分析  

Genetic Effect Analysis of Porcine MC4R Gene G892A Locus on Growth and Reproduction Performance

作　　者：赵乔辉[1] 董文华[1] 刘颖[1] 程洪青 吴圣龙[1,3] 包文斌[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]扬州创日畜牧科技有限公司,江苏扬州225009 [3]扬州市种猪繁育工程技术研究中心,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2014年第19期5-9,共5页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：江苏省科技支撑计划(BE2013345;BE2012330);江苏省产学研前瞻性联合研究项目(BY2012157);扬州市农业科技攻关项目(YZ2011048)

摘　　要：本研究利用PCR-RFLP方法检测了长白猪、大白猪和杜洛克猪3个品种母猪中MC4R基因G892A位点的遗传多态性,并分析其与部分生长及繁殖性能的关系,以期探究该位点突变是否可以作为猪分子育种的有效遗传标记。结果表明:MC4R基因在3个品种中均存在该多态位点;χ2适合性检验表明,该位点在大白猪中偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P<0.05);基因(型)频率分布显示,在长白猪和杜洛克猪中G等位基因为优势等位基因,而大白猪中A等位基因为优势等位基因;卡方独立性检验表明,3个品种间MC4R基因G892A位点的基因型分布表现为差异极显著(P<0.01);遗传多样性分析表明,3个品种的PIC值均高于0.25,表现为中度多态;最小二乘法分析表明,MC4R基因G892A位点突变对大白猪、长白猪的所测性状指标影响不显著。但是在杜洛克猪中,AA基因型个体初生重显著高于AG基因型个体(P<0.05),GG基因型个体与AA、AG基因型个体差异不显著。AG基因型个体校正背膘厚显著厚于AA基因型个体(P<0.05),而与GG基因型个体差异不显著。GG基因型个体总产仔数显著高于AG和AA基因型个体(P<0.05)。本研究结果显示,对于杜洛克猪而言,GG基因型个体具有较好的繁殖性能,总体上GG基因型为有利基因型。The genetic variation of MC4R gene G892A in Yorkshire, Landrace and Duroc sows were detected with PCR-RFLP method, and then the relationships between the polymorphism of MC4R gene G892A with partial growth and reproduction performance were analyzed to explore the feasibility of MC4R gene G892A as an effective genetic maker for molecular breeding. The results showed that there existed G892A mutation in all three breeds, and the G892A mutation deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in Yorkshire according to the analysis of chi-square （~） fitness analysis （P〈0.05）. The gene （-type） frequency distribution reflected that G allele was dominant allele in Landrace and Duroc, and A allele was dominant allele in Yorkshire. According to the Chi-square test independence analysis, genotype distribution showed significant difference among the three sow populations （P〈0.01）. Genetic diversity analysis showed that the PIC values of three sow populations were all above 0.25, which represented moderate polymorphism; The result of least square analysis showed that MC4R gene G892A mutation had no significant effect on performances detected in Yorkshire and Landrace. While in Duroc, AA genotype individuals showed higher birth weight than AG genotype individuals significantly （P〈0.05）, there was no significant difference between GG genotype and AA/AG genotype individuals; The corrected baekfat thickness of AG genotype individuals was thicker than that of AA genotype （P〈0.05）, but not GG genotype individuals; The total number born of GG genotype individuals was signifieant higher than that of AG/AA genotype individuals （P 〈0.05）. The results demonstrated that individuals with GG genotype had preferable reproduction performance and GG genotype was Favorable genotype for Duroc pigs.

关 键 词：MC4R基因 多态性 生长性能 繁殖性能 猪 

分 类 号：S828.2[农业科学—畜牧学]