1963～2012年山丹绿洲的时空变化过程  

The spatial-temporal changes of Shandan oasis during 1963 to 2012

作　　者：颉耀文[1] 陈云海[1,2] 田文婷[1] 范振刚[2] 徐银丽[3] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院 [2]中国人民解放军93116部队 [3]兰州大学生命科学学院

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2014年第4期147-153,共7页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(zujbky-2013-m02);国家自然科学基金项目(91025010)

摘　　要：利用1963～2012年的14期Keyhole、KATE-200和 Landsat MSS/TM/ETM＋遥感影像，分别提取了山丹绿洲的分布范围，采用绿洲动态度和叠置分析对绿洲的时空变化过程进行了分析，并对其成因进行了探讨.结果表明：50 a年来山丹绿洲变化总体上呈波动性扩张趋势，其中1986年以前以波动为主，以后以扩张为；绿洲空间变化可划分为稳定、波动、扩张和萎缩4种类型.其中，稳定绿洲主要分布在其境内中部地势低平、水源保证程度相对较高的区域，主要有霍城镇、清泉镇、位奇镇、陈户乡和大马营乡；波动绿洲主要位于短小河流所在的山前地区，其中以老军乡最为突出，其波动面积占该乡绿洲总面积的88.85%；扩张绿洲主要分布在稳定绿洲和波动绿洲的外围，以位于中部上下游连接地区的位奇镇最为典型，扩张面积占其绿洲总面积的36.75%；萎缩绿洲主要分布在靠近河流末端或地势略高水源保证程度差的区域，如东乐乡的东部以及陈户乡的东北部和西南部；绿洲时空变化受多种因素共同影响，其中水利设施建设和人口增长对绿洲扩张具有促进作用，相关政策导向对绿洲变化具有重要影响.Taking 14 image data in recent 50 years as the data source,including KeyHole,KATE-200 and Landsat MSS/TM/ETM＋,the spatial distributions of Shandan oasis were extracted by using obj ect-o-riented method,automatic threshold method and visual interpretation respectively.Then the method to cal-culate dynamic degree and GIS overlay analysis functions were used to analyze the progress of the spatial-temporal changes of Shandan oasis.Finally,the causes of spatial-temporal changes were discussed with the help of county annals,statistical yearbooks and field interviews.It turned out that the changes of Shandan oasis showed a general trend of fluctuation and expansion in the latest 50 years.Moreover,it showed a trend of fluctuation from 1963 to 1986 and the later was a trend of expansion.The patterns of oasis spatial-temporal changes could be divided into stability,fluctuation,expansion and shrink.The stable oasis mainly distributed in the areas of Huocheng,Qingquan,Weiqi,Chenhu and Damaying towns with flat ground and＆amp;nbsp;more stable water resources.Fluctuant oasis primarily located in front of mountains with small streams.A-mong them,it was representative in Laojun Town,with its area accounting for 88.85% of the total oasis in this town.Expanding oasis mainly distributed in the periphery of stable and fluctuant oasis,taking the oasis in Weiqi Town with expanding area accounting for 36.75% of its total oasis area as a typical example. Shrink oasis mainly located at the end of the rivers or high altitudes with instable water resources,such as the east of Dongle Town,northeast and southwest of Chenghu Town.The spatial-temporal change of Shan-dan oasis was influenced by many factors.Population growth and improving the patterns of utilization of water resources could promote the prosperity of the oasis,and the policy had a significant impact on it.

关 键 词：绿洲 时空变化 成因分析 山丹县 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学]